Abstract | „Pušenje je način konzumacije ili uživanja duhana udisanjem dima zapaljenog duhanskog lišća u obliku cigareta, cigara ili lule. Duhanski dim smjesa je tvari koje nastaju nepotpunim izgaranjem duhanskog lišća na visokoj temperaturi. Najvažnije komponente dima cigarete su nikotin - žilni otrov, katran – kancerogen te ugljični monoksid (CO) - otrovni plin. Jedna od najštetnijih tvari u duhanskom dimu je nikotin koji izaziva ovisnost.“ [1].
Pušenje donosi brojne opasnosti organizmu i ima trajne posljedice na ljudsko zdravlje. Nema organa u tijelu koji nije pogođen štetnim učincima pušenja. Kod liječenja ovisnosti o nikotinu jedan od mogućih ciljeva je održati odgovarajuću koncentraciju nikotina u krvi i/ili prevenirati ili ublažiti simptome apstinencije. U tu svrhu koriste se različiti pripravci, medicinski proizvodi koji u svojem sastavu sadrže nikotin (npr. gume za žvakanje, transdermalni flasteri, nazalni sprej, inhalator). U terapiji odvikavanja od pušenja koriste se različite alternativne metode kao što su: E –cigarete (parilice), hipnoza, aromaterapija, akupunktura, meditacija,različite tehnike disanja, homeopatija, biorezonantna medicina i psihoterapija. Prestanak pušenja je prva polovica bitke; u sljedećoj fazi treba spriječiti recidivu. Da se postane nepušač, potrebno je više od pobjeđivanja apstinencijskih simptoma. Važno je priviknuti se na nove navike bez pušenja.
U procesu liječenja ovisnosti o pušenju iznimno važnu ulogu, uz liječnike, imaju i medicinske sestre / tehničari. Medicinska sestra poučava pojedince i skupine i prije nego što uđu u odraslu dob zdravstveno prihvatljivom ponašanju i zdravim stilovima življenja, te štetnostima pušenja i posljedicama pušenja na zdravlje čovjeka. |
Abstract (english) | "Smoking is a way of consumption or enjoyment of tobacco smoke inhalation burning tobacco leaves in the form of cigarettes, cigars or pipes. Tobacco smoke is a mixture of substances resulting from incomplete combustion of tobacco leaves at a high temperature. The most important components of cigarette smoke are nicotine - core poison, tar - a carcinogen, and carbon monoxide (CO) - a poisonous gas. One of the most harmful substances in tobacco smoke is nicotine is addictive. "[1]. Smoking brings many dangers organism and has lasting effects on human health. There is no organ in the body that is not affected by the harmful effects of smoking. In the treatment of nicotine addiction one of the possible targets is to maintain an appropriate concentration of nicotine in the blood and / or prevent or alleviate symptoms of withdrawal. For this purpose, different compositions, medical devices in their composition containing nicotine (eg. Chewing gum, transdermal patch, nasal spray, inhaler). In smoking cessation therapy utilizes a variety of alternative methods such as: E - cigarette, hypnosis, aromatherapy, acupuncture, meditation, various breathing techniques, homeopathy, bioresonance medicine and psychotherapy. Smoking cessation is the first half of the battle; in the next phase should be to prevent recurrence. In order to become a non smoker, it takes more than winning withdrawal symptoms. It is important to get used to new habits without smoking. In the process of treating addiction to smoking extremely important role, along with doctors, and have nurses / technicians. The nurse teaches individuals and groups and before they enter into adulthood health is acceptable behavior and healthy lifestyles, and the hazards of smoking and the effects of smoking on human health. |