In our daily life, we are exposed to stressors and challenging experiences. These stressors and experiences are a normal part of life, and the response to these stressors is a survival mechanism that forces us to respond to threats and adapt to new situations. Depending on the person, stressors and experiences can be both positive and negative. This is a psychological mechanism that victims use unconsciously. Dissociative personality disorder usually occurs in people who experienced significant stress or trauma in childhood, and in order to survive these overwhelming traumatic experiences, the brain tries to protect itself by "numbing" or "walking away" (dissociation). The experience of trauma is subjective and individualized, so what one person experiences as a traumatic event may not be considered traumatic by another. Similarly, not all traumatic experiences will lead to a dissociative disorder. At the beginning of the paper, the concepts of dissociation, etiology, causes and history of dissociative disorder are briefly explained. After that, the paper explains in detail different types of dissociative disorders such as dissociative identity disorder, dissociative amnesia and dissociative fugue. Dissociative identity disorder is a condition in which a person experiences an identity disorder characterized by two or more different personality states or possession experiences, which can alternate. Dissociative amnesia as a disease whose main symptom is memory loss that is more severe than normal forgetfulness can also be specific to events in a certain time and can include a complete loss of memory of oneself. Sometimes it may involve traveling or confused wandering which is called dissociative fugue. Also, the paper discusses the importance of the nurse's role in the health care of patients with dissociative disorder and the importance of communication, where the nurse must be empathetic and approach individually.