| Abstract | Uvod i cilj: Kompetencije zdravstvenih radnika, medicinskih sestara i tehničara ključne su za postizanje univerzalne zdravstvene zaštite. Kako bi se pružila kvalitetna zdravstvena skrb, potrebna su specifična znanja, stavovi i vještine. Obrazovanjem i edukacijom, medicinske sestre/tehničari stječu određene kompetencije koje su dobivene izdavanjem odobrenja za samostalan rad, licence. Svaka medicinska sestra može obavljati samo one aktivnosti zdravstvene njege koje se nalaze su granici stečenih kompetencija putem obrazovanja i dodatnim edukacijama. Kompetencije izravno utječu na zdravlje, a ponajviše sigurnost pacijenta te nedostatkom istih mogu se desiti velike medicinske pogreške koje utječu kako na pacijenta tako i na samu medicinsku sestru. Cilj istraživanja je uvidjeti da li i u kojoj mjeri medicinske sestre/tehničari na području Republike Hrvatske rade unutar opsega stečenih kompetencija.
Metode: Konstruiran je anketni upitnik koji je sadržavao pitanja izrađena i modificirana prema Zakonu o sestrinstvu te je bio namijenjen medicinskim sestara i tehničarima na području Republike Hrvatske. Sam upitnik sadržavao je 15 pitanja a provodio se od studenog 2022. godine do travanja 2023. godine. U istraživanju je ukupno sudjelovalo 171 sudionika, od kojih je je 33 bilo medicinskih tehničara te 138 medicinskih sestara.
Rezultati: Sudionici prosječno van stečenih kompetencija rade jednom u tjedan dana. Strah koji se javlja prilikom rada izvan opsega posla se opisuje u djelomičnoj mjeri. Većina sudionika osjeća djelomičnu grižnju savjet prilikom izvođenja postupaka, dok govoreći o ugrožavanju pacijenata, srednja procjena je da se djelomično time ugrožava pacijenta. Prva hipoteza je djelomično prihvaćena, ne postoji statistički značajna razlika s obzirom na dob sudionika i godine radnog staža, ali postoji statistički značajna razlika s obzirom na stručnu spremu, međutim medicinske sestre sa nižom stručnom spremom češće rade van svojih kompetencija. Druga hipoteza je odbačena. Ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u primjeni postupak koji su većeg opsega od stečenih kompetencija s obzirom na ustanovu rada. Treća hipoteza je odbačena, ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u primjeni postupak koji su većeg opsega od stečenih kompetencija s obzirom na odjel rada.
Rasprava/zaključak: Zbog prenapučenosti poslom, nedostatka radne snage, ali i uputa dobivenih od nadležnih, velik broj medicinskih sestara u mnogim slučajevima i to često radi van svojih kompetencija. Kompetencije se osim zakonom moraju regulirati i drugim putevima i načinima. |
| Abstract (english) | Introduction and aim: Competences of health workers, nurses are key to achieving universal health care. To provide quality health care, specific knowledge, attitudes, and skills are needed. Through education and training, nurses acquire certain competencies that are obtained by issuing approval for independent work, license. Each nurse can perform only those health care activities that are within the limits of acquired competencies through normal education and additional education. Competences directly affect the health, and above all the safety of the patient, and the lack of them can cause major medical errors that affect both the patient and the nurse herself.
Methods: A questionnaire was constructed that contained questions developed and modified according to the Nursing Act and was intended for nurses in the Republic of Croatia. The questionnaire itself contained 15 questions and was conducted from November 2022 to April 2023. A total of 171 participated in the research, of which 33 were medical technicians and 138 were nurses.
Results: On average, nurses work outside of the acquired competencies once a week. The fear that occurs when working outside the scope of work is described as partially. Most of the participants feel partial remorse when performing the procedures, while speaking about putting patients at risk, the average estimate is that the patient is partly put at risk. The first hypothesis is partially accepted, there is no statistically significant difference about the age of the participants and years of work, but there is a statistically significant difference regarding professional qualification, however, nurses with a lower professional qualification work more often outside their competences. The second hypothesis was rejected. There is no statistically significant difference in the application of procedures that are larger in scope than the acquired competencies regarding the work institution. The third hypothesis was rejected, there is no statistically significant difference in the application of procedures that are larger in scope than the acquired competencies with respect to the department of work. Discussion/conclusion: Due to overcrowding, lack of manpower, as well as instructions received from the authorities, many nurses in many cases work outside of their competence. In addition to the law, competences must be regulated in other ways. |
