| Abstract | Arterijska hipertenzija je vrlo rasprostranjeno patološko stanje, koje posljednjih godina zahvaća populaciju svih dobnih skupina. Unatoč kontinuiranom naglašavanju na njenu prevenciju, stanovništvo ne posvećuje dovoljno pažnje na ispravljanje loših životnih stilova i navika. Većina populacije osvijesti tek nakon što se dijagnosticira pojedinom od bližnjih ili njima osobno. Početak patološkog stanja najčešće ima specifičan razvoj bez pojave simptoma pa se s liječenjem krene tek u kasnijoj fazi. Često kod pojave prvih simptoma, osobe pripisuju iste trenutnoj situaciji na poslu, školi ili u čestim slučajevima na nedostatak sna. U ovom radu stavljen je naglasak na edukaciju u prevenciji, prepoznavanju komplikacija, čimbenike koji potiču razvoj arterijske hipertenzije i kardiovaskularnih bolesti, načine na koji se mogu unaprijediti i izmijeniti loše prehrambene navike, te povećati kvaliteta života. Kroz uvod opisane su kardiovaskularne bolesti tokom povijesti. Spomenute su procjene zdravstvenih istraživanja u slučaju nastavka ovog trenda, kroz naredne nadolazeće godine. Definirana je njihova podjela i postotak prema Svjetskoj zdravstvenoj organizaciji. Nadalje opisana je anatomija i fiziologija srca, njegova uloga kao mišića koji obavlja najzahtjevniju zadaću, naspram svih mišića. U razradi je predstavljena hipertenzija kao broj 1 javno – zdravstveni problem u svijetu. Pojašnjene su preporučene vrijednosti krvnog tlaka, kao i one patološke. Obrađena su također istraživanja regulacija vrijednosti krvnog tlaka kroz ambulantno mjerenje i mjerenja kod kuće pacijenata. Time je ustanovljeno da su vrijednosti kontinuirano bolje kod kuće pacijenata.
Definirana je važnost svakodnevne tjelesne aktivnosti kroz zdravstvene blagodati kao produkt iste. Navedeni su najčešći razlozi zbog kojih društvo, unatoč svim saznanjima i edukaciji, odbija ili nije u mogućnosti provoditi istu na dnevnoj bazi. Dalje u nastavku obrađena je uloga medicinskog osoblja i zdravstvena skrb za osobe oboljele od hipertenzije, zajedno sa fizioterapijskim pristupom, rehabilitacijom i odgovarajućim vježbama, koje bi bilo poželjno provoditi kod pacijenata s navedenom dijagnozom. |
| Abstract (english) | Arterial hypertension is a very widespread pathological condition, which affects the population of all age groups in recent years. Despite the continuous emphasis on its prevention, the population does not pay enough attention to correcting bad lifestyles and habits. The majority of the population becomes aware of it only after it is diagnosed to some of their relatives or to them personally. The beginning of the pathological condition usually has a specific development without the appearance of symptoms, so treatment is started only at a later stage. Often, when the first symptoms appear, people attribute them to the current situation at work, school or, in many cases, to lack of sleep. In this work, emphasis is placed on education in prevention, recognition of complications, factors that encourage the development of arterial hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, ways to improve and change bad eating habits, and increase the quality of life. The introduction describes cardiovascular diseases throughout history. Estimates of health research in the event of a continuation of this trend in the coming years were mentioned. Their division and percentage according to the World Health Organization is defined. Furthermore, the anatomy and physiology of the heart, its role as the muscle that performs the most demanding task, compared to all muscles, is described. In the elaboration, hypertension is presented as the number 1 public health problem in the world. Recommended blood pressure values, as well as pathological ones, are explained. Research on the regulation of blood pressure values through ambulatory measurement and measurements at patients' homes were also covered. It was established that the values are continuously better at the patients' home.
The importance of daily physical activity is defined through health benefits as a product of it. The most common reasons why society, despite all the knowledge and education, refuses or is unable to implement it on a daily basis are listed. Further below, the role of medical personnel and health care for people suffering from hypertension, together with the physiotherapy approach, rehabilitation and appropriate exercises, which would be desirable to carry out in patients with the above diagnosis, are discussed. |
