The implantation of total knee endoprosthesis refers to the replacement of all components of the knee joint with a prosthetic replacement. The knee joint forms the distal end of the femur along with the splinter and the proximal end of the tibia. The femoral or thigh musculature is in charge of performing movements in the knee. The biomechanics of the knee joint involves loads, positions, movements and forces that affect it. Damage or changes in the structures of the joint can lead to disturbed balance and injury. The load on the joint varies depending on the position of the body, and muscle force plays a key role in maintaining balance and stability. The first real replacement of the knee joint was performed in 1880, and significant progress occurred in 1973 with a proposed prototype of a modern prosthesis. Today, various types of fixations are used for the placement of dentures, including cement, cementless and hybrid fixation. Indications for this procedure include primary and secondary osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and other degenerative changes that cause pain and decrease in knee function. This operation is usually performed through a large open incision above the knee joint, and the decision to undergo surgery is based on the severity of the pain and the degree of disability of the patient. The physiotherapy approach is based on the SOAP (Subjective Objective Assessment Plan) model, which includes subjective review, objective review, analysis and plan. Preoperative rehabilitation prepares the patient for surgery to reduce postoperative complications and speed up recovery. It includes a comprehensive examination, patient education and participation in a preoperative exercise program. Postoperative rehabilitation is divided into stages that take into account the stages of tissue healing and the specifics of the surgical procedure. It includes continuous passive start-up and therapeutic exercise to reduce pain, improve mobility and functionality, and ensure optimal recovery. Therapeutic exercise is a key component of rehabilitation that provides systematic and planned exercise to improve the function and quality of life of the patient. It is important to recognize and intervene on the risks of complications such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in a timely manner.