In practice, the often-accepted definition is that polypharmacy refers to the use of five or more drugs. However, polypharmacy should be considered comprehensively, considering risk factors, comorbidities, and the general state of health of the individual. Polypharmacy is defined as the simultaneous use of six or more drugs in the last seven days, occasionally or continuously. As part of the thesis, research was conducted in the Social Welfare Center, in the time from 1 January 2020. until December 31, 2023. The research aimed to investigate the risk factors that are most often associated with falls in elderly persons placed in institutions, with an emphasis on determining the frequency and characteristics of medication use, as well as investigating the connection between the use of medication and the frequency of falls in elderly persons placed in the Social Care Home for elderly and infirm persons. The results of the research showed that the average number of falls was recorded in the yard, while the number of falls in the corridor was significantly higher. The highest number of falls was recorded in the bedroom and when falling from the bed. A slight difference between gender and the number of falls was observed in this study. Also, the results of the study showed statistically significant difference between falls and the use of medication. One of the key procedures is educating older people and their relatives.