| Abstract | Otoci Cres i Lošinj su stoljećima bili pod mletačkom vladavinom. Padom ove velesile na Jadranu mijenja se politička karta Europe, te svatko želi ugrabiti što veći dio nekadašnje Republike. Napoleon je Dalmaciju i Kvarnerske otoke najprije predao Austriji, ali bez obzira na sve, svoj naum za ovo područje nije zapostavio. Godine 1806., pobjedom na bojnom polju, prisiljava Austriju da preda krajeve koje joj je prepustio rušenjem Mletačke Republike. Dolaskom francuske vlasti u ove krajeve mijenjaju se mnoge stvari. Stanovnici teško prihvaćaju promjene, a još teže novi i otvoreniji mentalitet. Najveća nesreća bila je jadranska blokada koju je uglavnom provodila engleska flota, zamjerajući se Francuzima zbog kopnene blokade. Posljedica blokade bila je ta da su mnogi brodovi prisiljeni ostajati u svojim lukama te su doslovno propadali na vezovima. Dok su drugi, oni hrabriji i odvažniji, kretali na put, uvijek je postojao rizik unatoč svim osiguranjima da padnu u gusarske ruke, te da izgube sve što imaju: i teret i brod. Kako bi mjesta mogla komunicirati, bez obzira na blokadu Jadrana, francuska se vlada potrudila sagraditi ceste, te su tako povezali Mali i Veli Lošinj, kao i Osor i Cres, modernijom cestom za kočije. Što se tiče pomorstva, francuska je vlada osnovala dvije važne ustanove koje su potaknule razvoj, a to su Lučka kapetanija i Sanitarna komisija. Cresani dolaskom nove vlasti u Zadar upućuju svoje zahtjeve, ne želeći prihvatiti da se stanje promijenilo i da nova vlast nema oblik starije mletačke vlasti. Općina Osor bila je ukinuta u korist Općine Lošinj te su Mali i Veli Lošinj, nakon stoljetnog osorskoga jarma konačno postali administrativno slobodni. Otoci u ovo vrijeme nisu proživljavali najsjajniji dio povijesti, ali su svejedno promjene koje su napravljene bile za dobrobit naroda. Iako u početku otočani nisu htjeli prihvatiti nove ideje te otvoriti svoje umove, na kraju su ipak bili prisiljeni prihvatiti ovu promjenu, što se jasno može vidjeti iz idućega poglavlja povijesti u kojima se ovi otoci razvijaju te postaju nadaleko poznati po cijelome svijetu. |
| Abstract (english) | For centuries, the islands of Cres and Lošinj were under the governance of Venice. When the Republic of Venice fell apart, the political map of Europe changed a lot. Each one of the big countries wanted to take as much territory as possible from the previous Republic. Napoleon first decided to leave Dalmatia and Kvarner islands to Austria, but even though he did that, he never lost his original idea to „own“ that region. In 1806, by winning a battle he forced Austria to return the territory. When the French rule was established in that same area a lot of things started to change. The inhabitants were having a hard time accepting all the new changes, and it was even more difficult to accept the „new thinking and ideas“. The biggest problem of the region was the Adriatic blockade which was mostly done by the English fleet, resenting the French for their mainland seige. The consequence of the blockade was that many ships were forced to stay in their harbours and thus literally decay. Even though there were brave and courageous sailors that tried to leave the harbours, they always had to face the risk of being captured by the pirates. In that event they would lose the ship and all the goods on board. To improve the communication between populated places, despite the Adriatic blockade, the French government decided to improve and build new roads, so they connected Mali and Veli Lošinj, as well as Osor and Cres with a more modern road. Regarding the maritime development, the French government established two important institutions, the Port authority and the Sanitary commission, with the aim of promoting the development. The inhabitants of the island of Cres were not willing to accept the new government and therefore they stated their demands and sent them directly to Zadar. The previous administrative centre of Osor was abolished in favour of the Lošinj community, and thus Mali and Veli Lošinj, after so many years, became administratively free. During those years, the islands had to face difficult times, even though the changes that were occurring were in the benefit of the inhabitants. At the beginning, people could not accept the new ideas and new politics, but they were forced to live with the „new stream“ and that has been visible in the following historic period when the islands have developed and become very famous in the whole world. |
