Unemployment is the appearance where a part of able-bodied persons not employed in accordance with their abilities, knowledge and skills, not receiving an appropriate salary. There are more kinds of unemployment: frictional, structural, cyclical, concealed, and seasonal. The unemployment rate shows the ratio of the number of the unemployed and the work forces. There are commonly two sources of statistical indicators, respectively two ways of measuring the unemployment. The first data of unemployment is collected and handled by employment agencies. The second data is from workforce surveys, whose methodology is in line with the rules of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) and the European Office for Statistics (Eurostat). Unemployment has its consequences, which can be divided into economic and socio-psychological. In order to alleviate unemployment, active and passive measures are performed. Active measures should be provided to the unemployed, to acquire new knowledge and abilities and also information on finding a job. Passive measures are most related to material rights during the unemployment.