Communication is necessary in society and that is precisely why it is very important that a child acquires language and speech correctly from birth. Reading picture books to children from birth plays a big role in the development of speech and language. It is important to choose a picture book that corresponds to the child’s abilities and needs. Today, problematic picture books are more and more widespread, which play an important role in the development of a child. In this type of picture books, the main character encounters situations and problems that appear in everyday life and this describes the solution in an appropriate way for children, learning to solve such problems. The work shows the impact of reading picture books on speech and language development. Lexical and grammatical features are analyzed through selected picture books that are intended for different ages of children. The work analyzed problematic and educational picture books, the role of which is also the speech and language development of children, respectively the expansion of their vocabulary.