SUMMARY: From birth, children play and gradually acquire mathematical skills in various ways. As children grow older, they develop in all areas, relying on adult support and security. Play is a central aspect of childhood that is crucial to development. Throughout history, play has been essential for children's development and should therefore be encouraged. It is important to prevent media, television and mobile devices from replacing play. Children should have the opportunity to enjoy play in all its forms, as they are naturally inclined to create their own games anywhere and anytime, sometimes even without toys to initiate play. Play is the most effective way for children to grasp the basic mathematical concepts that are critical to their understanding of mathematics. Regardless of where they are, children will notice numbers or other mathematical concepts as they explore their environment. Repeating observations, counting, comparing larger and smaller objects, and categorising objects all promote mastery of mathematical skills. A solid understanding of basic concepts is a prerequisite for children to further learn and understand many mathematical skills. In this paper, we first discuss the importance of child development. To explore the link between child development and play, we define the concept of play and its different forms. The focus is then on the first mathematical concepts that are learned through play. Various games described by different authors are presented that are crucial for grasping mathematical concepts. Finally, numerous activities and games are presented that have been carried out with preschool children and with which they acquire concepts and skills.