The Allied occupation of Japan (1945–1952), led by the United States of America, was a Western endeavor with the aim of transforming the former Japanese Empire, marked by militarism, into a new, democratic state, which would no longer pose a threat to world peace. Within this plan, the world of women in occupied Japan was infused with reforms that were supposed to fundamentally change and build Japan, in which women would have equal rights with men. These reforms ranged from women's right to vote and their inclusion in political life, to changes in the constitution itself and various laws that touched on the family system, education and women's work. While part of the women, who fought for political rights even before the war, readily welcomed this stage of Japanese history, the other part of the women needed some time to adjust, but they too were soon ready to use their new rights. However, the occupation also brought negative aspects that were reflected in the lives of women, which was particularly evident in postwar prostitution. Prostitution itself had an already existing tradition in Japan. The combination of that with the circumstances of the occupation period gave rise to the continuation of the exploitation of the female body. Because of that, in post-war Japan, on the one hand, we find prostitution organized by the state, the Recreation and Amusement Association, while on the other hand, street prostitution and panpan prostitutes who organized themselves. Due to the dual impact of the occupation, this paper presents some of the positive and negative elements of the occupation that affected women's lives, as well as some examples of how women adapted to the new situation.