Title Utjecaj obrnute perspektive na fleksibilno mišljenje u šahu
Title (english) The reversed perspective effect on the flexibility of thinking in chess
Author Marko Antolčić
Mentor Pavle Valerjev (mentor)
Committee member Pavle Valerjev (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Andrea Tokić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Lozena Ivanov (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zadar (Department of Psychology) Zadar
Defense date and country 2018-09-19, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline SOCIAL SCIENCES Psychology General Psychology
Abstract Šah je strateška igra koja zahtjeva korištenje raznih kognitivnih procesa. Šahisti kroz iskustvo šahovskih partija i pozicija razvijaju sheme koje im omogućuju efikasno i brzo prepoznavanje i rješavanje problema. Uslijed znatnog iskustva, proučava se kako šahisti postaju rigidniji prilikom donošenja odluka, jer se vode prijašnjim iskustvom, jedan od takvih efekata je Einstellung efekt. On se pojavljuje kada prva zamisao, koja je temeljena na prijašnjem iskustvom i koja se pojavljuje pri poznatim obilježjima problema, blokira uviđaj optimalnog rješenja situacije. Kako bi se reducirao takav efekt, potrebno je koristiti fleksibilnije metode prilikom rješavanja problema u kojima se javlja Einstellung efekt. Cilj istraživanja bio je istražiti hoće li faktor obrnute perspektive utjecati na fleksibilnost mišljenja u šahu. U istraživanju su sudjelovali klupski igrači (N=26) s nacionalnim šahovskim rejtingom - oni su rješavali niz šahovskih problema u kojima se utvrđivalo pojavljivanje Einstellung efekta. Od interesa je bilo uočiti utjecaj konvencionalne i obrnute perspektive na pojavljivanje efekta. Veća zastupljenost neoptimalnih rješenja i duže pogledavanje polja koja su u osnovi Einstellung efekta ukazuje na utjecaj efekta. Analizom podataka, na rezultatima vremena rješavanja, sigurnosti i vremena i broja fiksacija na poljima relevantnim za Einstellung efekt, utvrđeno je kako faktor obrnute perspektive nije bio značajan. Pokazalo se kako su ispitanici s višim rejtingom postizali bolji uspjeh i sigurnost, niže vrijeme rješavanja i vrijeme i broj fiksacije polja. Usprkos izostanku očekivanog efekta, istraživanje daje uvid u samu problematiku i ideju za daljnja istraživanja takve vrste.
Abstract (english) Chess is a strategy game that requires the use of various cognitive processes. Chess players, through the extensive experience of chess parties and positions, develop schemes that enable effectiveness, quick recognition and problem-solving. Due to their great experience, it is being studied on how chess players become more rigid when making decisions because they're guided by previous experience. One of such effects is the Einstellung effect. It occurs when the first idea, based on previous experience and which appears because of the familiar features of the problem, blocks the insight of the optimal solution in the situation. In order to reduce such an effect, it is necessary to use more flexible methods in processes of solving Einstellung problems. The aim of the research was to investigate whether the factor of the reverse perspective influences the flexibility of thinking in chess. Club players (N=26) participated in the survey with a national chess rating score, they were solving a series of chess problems in which was determined the appearance of the Einstellung effect. The matter of interest was to notice the influence of the conventional and reverse perspective on the appearance of the effect. The greater frequency of non-optimal solutions and prolonged glance on the squares that are relevant for Einstellung effect indicate affection of the effect. Data analysis, provided on the results of solving time, confidence, and time and number of fixations on the squares relevant for Einstellung effect, determined that factor of reverse perspective was not significant. It has been shown that high-ranking participants have score better success and confidence, lower solving time, and lower time and number of square fixation. Despite the lack of expected effect, the research provides insight into the very issues and ideas for further research of this kind.
Keywords
šah
obrnuta
perspektiva
Einstellung
efekt
fleksibilnost
mišljenje
Keywords (english)
chess
reversed
perspective
Einstellung
effect
flexibility
thinking
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:162:426461
Study programme Title: Psychology Study programme type: university Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) psihologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) psihologije)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2018-11-12 10:22:25