Title „Sie ist die erste nicht“ – eine Verteidigung der Frauenfiguren aus Goethes Faust I und II
Title (croatian) „Sie ist die erste nicht“ – obrana ženskih likova iz Goetheovog Fausta I II
Title (english) „Sie ist die erste nicht“– a defence of the female characters from Goethe’s Faust I and II
Author Lucija Žinić
Mentor Zaneta Sambunjak (mentor)
Committee member Tomislav Zelić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Anita Pavić Pintarić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Zaneta Sambunjak (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zadar (Department of German Studies) Zadar
Defense date and country 2019-09-16, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline HUMANISTIC SCIENCES Philology German Studies
Abstract Die vorliegende Diplomarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Darstellung der weiblichen Figuren aus Johann Wolfgang von Goethes Faust I und Faust II. Sie geht von der Idee ab, dass die weiblichen Figuren von Gretchen, Helena und den Hexen, im Unterschied zu den männlichen Figuren, untergeordnet waren und dass Goethe mit solcher Darstellung misogyne Neigungen zeigte. In dieser Weise projiziert das Werk ein falsches Bild über das Frauenbild in die Welt. Die weiblichen Figuren waren ständig in einer Position der Dualität – böse oder gut, auch teuflisch oder göttlich, sexuell unersättlich oder jungfräulich. Sie waren in eine Position gestellt, in der sie entweder, wie Gretchen und die Hexen, als Sünderinnen und gefallene Frauen präsentiert waren, oder wie es im Falle von Helena war, war die Figur als ein Ideal gestellt, das von menschlichen Frauen schwer erreichbar war. Um die Beispiele besser zu deuten, startet die Arbeit mit einer Präsentation von Sexualität und dem Geschlechtsverkehr durch Foucaults Sicht. Er untersuchte die Beziehung, die Macht zu Sexualität hatte. Diejenigen, die Macht hatten, konnten entscheiden welches Bild der Sexualität, der Öffentlichkeit gezeigt wird, das Positive oder Negative. Das negative Bild der Sexualität führt zu der Geburt von Misogynie und den folgenden Hexenprozessen, wessen Merkmale in Goethes Faust I und II zu finden sind. Die weiblichen Figuren haben nur eine Rolle – sie dienen der Weiterentwicklung der männlichen Figur, so dass sie, mit ihrer sündigen Natur, die Vollkommenheit der Männer betonen, ihm zur Selbstentdeckung führen, ohne dabei an sich selbst und die Konsequenzen, die ihre Existenz drohen, zu denken.
Abstract (croatian) Ovaj diplomski rad se bavi prikazom ženskih likova u Johann Wolfgang von Goetheovim djelima Faust I Faust II. Polazi se od ideje da su ženski likovi poput Gretchen, Helena i vještica, u usporedbi s muškim likovima, prikazane kao podređene i manje vrijedne što potom prikazuje Goetheove sklonosti prema ženomrscima. Na taj način projicira se negativna slika ženskog lika u javnost. Ženski likovi su neprestano bili u jednom položaju dualnosti – ili loše ili dobre, ili od vraga ili od Boga, ili seksualno nezasitne ili djevičanske. Prisiljene su u položaj u kojem su bile ili grešnice i posrnule žene, kao što je slučaj s Gretchen i vješticama, ili poput Helena prikazane kao božanstveni ideal, što ljudske žene teško mogu dosegnuti. Kao bi bilo lakše primjere tumačiti, rad počinje s prikazom Foucaultovih ideja o seksualnosti i spolnom odnosu. On je proučavao odnos moći i seksualnosti iz čega je zaključio da oni koji imaju moć odlučuju koja slika seksualnosti će se prikazati javnosti, pozitivna ili negativna. Negativna slika seksualnosti dovodi do razvoja mizoginije, čiji rezultat su vještičji progoni. Karakteristike mizoginije i vještičjih progona možemo pronaći u Goetheovim djelima i njegovom prikazu ženskog lika. Ženski likovi su svedeni samo na jednu ulogu – one služe kao poticaj za daljnje razvijanje muškog lika tako da sa svojom grešnom prirodom naglase njegovo savršenstvo, vode ga prema samootkrivenju, a da pritom ne misle na sebe, niti na posljedice koje bi to mogle ugroziti njihovo postojanje.
Abstract (english) This master thesis deals with the presentation of the female characters in Johann Wolfgang von Goethe’s Faust I and Faust II. It started with the idea that the female characters, like Gretchen, Helen and the witches, were ascribed with a subordinate role, which then contrasted with the male characters’ role. As a result, Goethe showed misogynous nature with this presentation of female characters and pushed a negative picture of female characters into the world. The female characters were in a constant state of duality – good or bad, devilish or divine, sexually insatiable or prudish. They were forced into a position in which they were either presented like sinners and fallen women, as it was the case with Gretchen and the witches, or they were, like Helen, presented as an ideal woman, whose perfection mortal women could not attain. In order to present the examples in an acceptable manner, the thesis starts with Foucault’s views on sex and sexuality. He examined the relationship between power and sexuality and concluded that the ones that have power are allowed to decide how sexuality will be presented to the public. Will it be more positive or negative? The negative depiction leads to the birth of misogyny which is closely connected to the witch trials. Characteristics of both misogyny and the witch trials can be found in Goethe’s Faust I and Faust II. The female characters are reduced to the role of a promoter of the further development of the male character. In the way that they, with their sinful nature, accentuated the male perfection, they led him to self-discovery, whereby they did not think of themselves or the consequences it could possibly have on their existence.
Keywords
Faust
Goethe
Sexualität
Misogynie
Hexenverfolgung
Beatifikation der Frauen
Dämonisierung der Frauen
Keywords (croatian)
Faust
Goethe
seksualnost
mizoginija
progoni vještica
beatifikacija žena
demoniziranje žena
Keywords (english)
Faust
Goethe
sexuality
misogyny
witch hunt
beatification of women
demonization of women
Language german
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:162:373616
Study programme Title: German Language and Literature (double major); specializations in: Teaching Course: Teaching Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra edukacije njemačkog jezika i književnosti (magistar/magistra edukacije njemačkog jezika i književnosti)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
Terms of use
Created on 2020-08-19 12:31:14