The topic of this master's thesis is the comparison of the film The Karamazovs (Karamazovi, 2008) directed by Petr Zelenka and the novel The Brothers Karamazov written by F. M. Dostoevsky. As film and literature are two rather different media which in this case overlap in the third one – in theatre – and considering that film, both generally and in this case, tends to be reductive if compared to its literary source, the starting point chosen for the comparison will be the film adaptation instead of the novel. The first chapter presents similarities and differences between literature, theatre and film along with basics, characteristcs and problems of the process of adaptation. Some of the topics discussed are cinematic procedures Zelenka used to convey theatre into film in better and more vivid way, the dimension of the ''real life'' that he introduced in the movie adaptation, the transfer of actors from the dimension of theatre into the dimension of ''reality'', dualism of actors and characters they embody, historical significance of the shooting location and its connection to the film and the novel, etc. The main ideas of the novel that permeate the movie are extracted and analyzed in the second chapter. In addition, ideas are put in comparison and explained through the eyes and experiences of the spectator, worker from factory, who has special semantic and interpretative function.