Title Višerezolucijsko modeliranje erozije tla korištenjem geoprostornih tehnologija
Title (english) Multiresolution modeling of soil erosion through the use of geospatial technologies
Author Fran Domazetović
Mentor Ante Šiljeg (mentor) MBZ: 300646
Mentor Nina Lončar (komentor) MBZ: 293426
Mentor Nedim Tuno https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1358-8435 (komentor)
Committee member Uroš Stepišnik https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8475-8630 (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Sanja Lozić (član povjerenstva) MBZ: 195082
Committee member Mateo Gašparović (član povjerenstva) MBZ: 323846
Granter University of Zadar Zadar
Defense date and country 2021-07-12, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline INTERDISCIPLINARY AREAS OF KNOWLEDGE Geography
Universal decimal classification (UDC ) 004 - Computer science and technology. Computing. Data processing
Abstract Erozija tla predstavlja primarni uzrok degradacije tla na globalnoj razini, koji je izravno odgovaran za dugoročno smanjivanje poljoprivredne produktivnosti i značajne financijske gubitke. Velika prostorna rasprostranjenost i raznolikost erozijskih oblika, prisutnost surovih klimatskih predisponirajućih čimbenika te specifični ogoljeni krški krajolik čine otok Pag idealnim prostorom za sustavno proučavanje pojavnosti i intenziteta procesa erozije tla. Osnovni cilj ove doktorske disertacije je razvoj višerezolucijskog metodološkog pristupa za sustavno proučavanje procesa erozije tla, zasnovanog na upotrebi više istraživačkih razina, različitog prostornog obuhvata i ciljeva istraživanja. Metodološki okvir razvijenog višerezolucijskog pristupa proučavanju erozije tla omogućio je proučavanje različitih aspekata procesa erozije tla, kroz tri različite razine istraživanja. Makro razina istraživanja obuhvaća proces izrade višekriterijskog GIS modela podložnosti eroziji tla visoke rezolucije, za čitav prostor otoka Paga. Unutar mezo razine istraživanja je na temelju visokorezolucijskih modela provedeno praćenje višegodišnjeg (2014. – 2018.) i jednogodišnjeg (2019. – 2020.) intenziteta erozije tla. Mikro razina istraživanja obuhvaća aktivnosti vezane za optimizaciju intervalnih TLS izmjera i detekciju subcentimetarskih prostorno-vremenskih promjena uzrokovanih retrogradnim pomicanjem čela jaruge. Primjenom razvijenog višerezolucijskog pristupa proučavanju erozije tla ostvareni su svi postavljeni ciljevi doktorske disertacije. Izrađen je prvi visokorezolucijski (1 m) model podložnosti eroziji tla, na temelju kojega su izdvojeni najugroženiji dijelovi otoka. U konačnici je utvrđeno da oko 40 % površine otoka Paga spada u zone visoko ili vrlo visoko podložnosti eroziji tla. Praćenjem višegodišnjeg intenziteta erozije tla utvrđeni su aktivni tragovi erozije tla unutar tri od ukupno pet jaruga analiziranih unutar poluotoka Santiš. Utvrđena je velika varijabilnost u prostornom obuhvatu i ukupnoj količini erodiranog materijala. Najviše PVP (oko 85 %) detektirano je unutar dva čela jaruge Santiš. Utvrđeni jednogodišnji volumetrijski intenzitet erozije tla unutar jaruge Santiš iznosi 13.46 m3 . Analiza odnosa između utvrđenog jednogodišnjeg intenziteta i kartiranih litoloških jedinica pokazala je da se najviše PVP javilo unutar naslaga karbonatnih pješčenjaka i pijesaka te naslaga smeđeg tla. Zabilježena je izražena godišnja varijabilnost intenziteta erozije tla, koja je dovedena u kodnos s osciliranjem količine i rasporeda oborina. Unutar mikro razine istraživanja provedena je optimizacija intervalnih TLS izmjera i aerofotogrametrijskih snimanja. Dok je optimizacijom TLS izmjera omogućena vrlo visoka (> 90 %) pokrivenost kompleksne morfologije odabranog dijela jaruge Santiš, optimizacijom aerofotogrametrijskih snimanja postignuta je vrlo visoka točnost izrađenih aerofotogrametrijskih modela (RMSE < ±2 cm). Razvijeni višerezolucijski pristup proučavanju erozije tla primijenjen je u sklopu ove disertacije na kompleksnom krškom području, pri čemu su uspješno ostvareni svi postavljeni ciljevi istraživanja. Osim na sličnim krškim prostorima, razvijeni višerezolucijski pristup je primjenjiv i na svim drugim dijelovima Mediterana i svijeta, zahvaćenim intenzivnim utjecajem procesa erozije tla.
Abstract (english) Soil erosion is globally primary cause of soil degradation, which is directly responsible for long-term reductions in agricultural productivity and significant financial losses. Due to the significant spatial distribution and diversity of erosion forms, the presence of harsh climatic predisposing factors and the specific bare karst landscape, Pag Island is ideal for a systematic study of the occurrence and intensity of soil erosion. The main goal of this doctoral dissertation is development of a multi-resolution methodological approach for the systematic study of soil erosion processes, based on the use of multiple research levels, with different spatial coverage and research objectives. The methodological framework of the developed multi-resolution approach for the study of soil erosion enabled the study of different aspects of the soil erosion process, through three different research levels. The macro level of research includes the process of creating a high-resolution multi-criteria GIS soil erosion susceptibility model, for the entire area of the Pag Island. Monitoring of multi-year (2014. – 2018.) and one-year (2019. – 2020.) soil erosion intensity based on VHR models was conducted within the meso level of research. The micro level of research includes activities related to the optimization of interval TLS measurements and detection of subcentimeter spatio-temporal changes caused by uphill headcut retreat. Implementation of the developed multiresolution approach for the study of soil erosion resulted with the achievment of all scientific goals set within this doctoral dissertation. The first high-resolution (1 m) GIS-MCDA model of soil erosion susceptibility was created, on the basis of which the most endangered parts of the island were isolated. Ultimately, it was found that about 40% of the surface of the Pag islands belongs to the high or very high susceptibility areas. Active traces of soil erosion were determined by monitoring the long-term intensity of soil erosion in three of the five gullies analyzed within the Santiš peninsula. Great variability in spatial coverage and total amount of eroded material was found. Most spatio-temporal changes (about 85%) were detected within the two headcuts of the gully Santiš. The determined oneyear volumetric intensity of soil erosion within the Santiš ravine was 13.46 m3. The correlation between the determined one-year intensity and the mapped lithological units showed that the highest spatio-temporal changes have occurred within the carbonate sandstones and sands and brown soil deposits. There was a pronounced annual variability in the intensity of soil erosion, which was correlated with the oscillations in the amount and distribution of precipitation. Within the micro level of the research, optimization of interval TLS measurements and UAV photogrametric surveys was performed. While the optimization of TLS measurements enabled a very high (> 90%) coverage of the complex gully morphology, optimization of UAV photogrammetric survey achieved a very high accuracy of created models (RMSE < ± 2 cm). The developed multi-resolution approach for the study of soil erosion was applied as part of this dissertation in a complex karst area, where all scientific research goals were successfully achieved. Apart from similar karst areas, the developed multi-resolution approach is applicable to all other parts of the Mediterranean and the World, affected by the intense soil erosion.
Keywords
erozija tla
geoprostorne tehnologije
višerezolucijsko modeliranje
prostornovremenske promjene
otok Pag
Hrvatska
Keywords (english)
soil erosion
geospatial technologies
multiresolution modelling
spatio-temporal changes
Pag Island
Croatia
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:162:349211
Promotion 2021
Study programme Title: Adriatic – a Link Among the Continents Study programme type: university Study level: postgraduate Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti, interdisciplinarna područja znanosti, polje geografija (doktor/doktorica znanosti, interdisciplinarna područja znanosti, polje geografija)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2021-09-20 10:58:14