Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease in which the blood glucose level cannot be maintained. According to the etiology, there are two types od diabetes: diabetes type I and diabetes type II. Although today people with diabetes live a quality life, there are various of complications that they have to deal with. If diabetes is not under control or if it is not properly therapeutically regulated, it causes various complications. Complications occur in the form of microvascular complications such as: retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Also, they occur in the form of macrovascular complications (ischemic and vascular diseases). Eye complications caused by diabetes are most often asymptomatich, so prevention and early detection are very important in order to start treatment at early stage of the disease. The relationship between diabetes and eye complications depends on many factors such as: type of diabetes, diet, regulation of blood glucose, physical activity, genetic predisposition, physical condition of the patient. The aim of this paper is to describe eye complications caused by diabetes. The problem with the eyes and vision in the world is caused by a long-term elevated level of glucose in the blood, which leads to damage of the eye due to its accumulation. Diabetics develop certain eye complications such as: diabetic retinopathy, cataracts and secondary glaucoma. Symptoms of eye diseases caused by diabetes begin with visual disturbances. Patients first notice short-term disturbances that disappear with the regulation of blood glucose, but if hyperglycemia is not treated and if the patient does not regulate glucose, various changes occur on the blood vessels and permanent damage to vision occurs. Eye complications in diabetics can be prevented and are mostly curable if they are detected early and treated in a timely manner. The nurse plays an important role in public awareness, prevention and treatment of eye diseases caused by diabetes.