The topic of this thesis is: Byzantine possessions in Italy and the depiction of history in that area through many aspects: political, social, military, religious, economic and cultural. The paper presents various political turmoils between the Byzantine government and numerous foreign elements such as: Goths, Lombards, Arabs and Normans. In addition, the paper deals with explaining militarization and the use of military equipment in conflicts with enemy nations, as well as revealing the religious influence on these areas through the prism of the establishment of church and religious centers. The economy of Byzantine Italy reveals to us the number of roads and ports and ways of exploiting resources, as well as craft production that includes the use of ceramics and metals to make various products. The settlements of Byzantine Italy show us the cultural differences on the peninsula, while through the presentation of the culture in these areas the similarities and differences in architectural, artistic and literary endeavor are explained.