Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland, and the most common causes are bacteria. According to the sources of the infection and the way of spread, we can divide he pathogens into two categories: contagious and environmental pathogens. Sometimes, some pathogens have the characteristics of both groups. Environmental microorganisms are found in the animal's environment, in the manure, on the bedding and on the animal's body. The dirtier the environment, the greater the risk. Mastitis control s achieved by improving hygiene in the cow's environment, disinfection after milking, hygiene, and treatment during the dry period. Contagious microorganisms are found in he udder of infected animals, on the udder skin and in the teat canal. The most frequent ransmission from the infected quarter to the healthy quarter occurs during milking. The most important control measures are disinfection before milking, the order in which the cows are milked, the culling of infected cows and the maintenance of milking equipment, reatment in lactation and dry period. Mastitis can occur in two forms: clinical and subclinical. Subclinical mastitis is more common than clinical mastitis and is of greater economic importance. Conservative tests such as the mastitis test, somatic cell count and bacteriological examination have recently been supplemented by rapid bacterial tests to dentify the pathogen. Mastitis is treated with antibiotics, which are determined on the basis of an antibiogram, but the milk must be discarded due to the prescribed withdrawal period. Recently, due to increasing awareness of antimicrobial resistance, efforts have been made to reduce the use of antibiotics. The efficacy of products of plant origin baicalein, thymol, resveratrol, curcumin and essential oils), animal origin (bee venom, propolis, honey) and other natural substances (bacteriocins, bacteriophages, chitosan) is currently being investigated.