Jaundice, or icterus, is a clinical condition characterized by yellow discoloration of tissues, most notably on the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera, due to an increased concentration of bilirubin in the blood. Based on the pathophysiological mechanisms and causes, jaundice is classified into prehepatic (hemolytic), hepatic (hepatocellular), and posthepatic (obstructive) types. Prehepatic jaundice arises from increased destruction of erythrocytes, resulting in elevated bilirubin production. Common causes include hemolytic anemias, infections, toxic agents, and immune disorders. In domestic animals, this type of jaundice often occurs due to obligatory erythrocytic parasites, microorganisms, and immune-mediated hemolytic anemias. Hepatic jaundice results from damage to hepatocytes, reducing the liver's ability to metabolize and excrete bilirubin. Hepatitis, toxic liver damage, and various metabolic disorders are the main causes. In dogs and cats, hepatitis caused by viruses, bacteria, or toxins frequently leads to the development of hepatic jaundice. Posthepatic jaundice is a result of bile duct obstruction, which prevents the normal flow of bile from the liver to the intestines. This can be caused by gallstones, tumors, or narrowing of the bile ducts. In horses and pigs, obstructive jaundice is often associated with tumors or inflammatory processes in the bile ducts. Diagnostic methods for identifying jaundice in domestic animals include clinical examination, blood and urine laboratory tests, blood serological tests, abdominal ultrasound, diagnostic laparotomy, and liver biopsy. Understanding the underlying cause of jaundice is crucial for adequate treatment, which may include pharmacological therapies, surgical interventions, or dietary adjustments. This paper emphasizes the importance of timely classification of jaundice to prevent complications and improve the health and productivity of domestic animals.