After the completion of the parturition and expel of the placenta, the puerperal period or puerperium begins, in which the changes in the genitals that occur during pregnancy and parturition will disappear. Puerperium is clinically divided into three stages: early, middle (intermediate) and late puerperium. During puerperium, significant changes occur in the genitals: involution of the uterus, removal of bacterial contamination, restoration of the endometrium and deeper layers of the uterus, the onset of lactation, and the return of cyclic ovarian activity. The pathology of puerperium refers to pathological ones that are clinically manifested during puerperium, and includes genital inflammation, intoxication, and various deficiency diseases. Puerperal intoxications are a pathological condition of the goat that occurs as a result of resorption of toxins of saprophytic bacteria that enter the birth canal during parturition and puerperium and the disintegrated products of the fetus, placenta and uterine contents. Inflammations that can occur after kidding in the doe during puerperium are called puerperal inflammations. Given the localization and distribution in the body, can be local and general, and given the type of pathogen and the disease they cause, can be specific and nonspecific. The difference between puerperal intoxications and inflammation is the constant presence of fever during inflammation and a more severe disorders of the general condition. Specific general puerperal infections are rare, and these are gaseous edema and tetanus against which goats can be vaccinated preventively. The puerperal hypocalcemia is a metabolic disorder caused by an insufficient supply of calcium and magnesium. Treatment of puerperal pathological conditions should be approached as early as possible, and the treatment, depending on the disease, can be local (eg intrauterine antibiotic foam) or symptomatic (antihistamines, prostaglandins, oxytocin and broad-spectrum antibiotics, vitamins, minerals, etc.).