The topic of this paper was the use of GMO-s in food technology. Recently, genetically modified organisms have been a very controversial and insufficiently researched topic that needs to be approached with great caution because there are numerous scientific studies that prove the advantages and disadvantages of this technology. This type of organisms are becoming inevitable in our future because arable agricultural areas are decreasing due to urbanization, industrialization and increasing number of inhabitants day by day. GMO brings with it many advantages such as increased yields, resistance to herbicides and insects, resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions of soil and climate, but at the same time it has numerous disadvantages for human health and the environment because it can cause allergenicity, transfer of genetic material and transfer of toxic substances of metabolism to the consumer, and crossing with conventional and wild plant species. In order to control the presence of genetic modifications in food product, detection methods are based on phenotype, specific proteins and nucleic acid analysis are used. In order to protect the environment and the health of consumers, there are legal regulations at the national and international level, that is, regulations that deal with the control, application and placing on the market of GMOs and their products. Two well-known international norms that are treated in this final paper are Codex Alimentarius and the Cartagena Protocol. Also, in order to determine and analyze specific characteristics for individual genetically modified organisms there can be implemented risk assessment that takes place in 5 stages or another model for health safety assessment, which is a comparative safety assessment, can be reduced. In order for GMOs and their products to be accepted, health-safe for consumers and the environment, and placed on market, tests must be conducted and the test results must be the same as for conventional food products.