| Abstract | Pivo je slabo alkoholno piće, koje se proizvodi u procesu alkoholnog vrenja iz slada, hmelja, vode i pivskog kvasca. Voda je glavni sastojak. Slad se dobiva od žitarica, najčešće od ječma i daje pivu sastojke ekstrata o kojem ovisi punoća okusa i koncentracija osnovnog ekstrata piva. Hmelj konzervira pivo i daje mu ugodan miris i gorak ukus, dok pivski kvasac izaziva alkoholno vrenje u kome šećer prelazi u alkohol i ugljični dioksid. Proces proizvodnje piva je veoma opsežan i zahtjevan i odvija se u nekoliko faza: mljevenje slada, ukomljavanje slada, filtriranje komine, kuhanje sladovine, taloženje, hlađenje, fermentacija, odležavanje, filtriracija piva i punjenje piva. Sigurnost i zaštita na radu vrlo je bitan faktor u procesu proizvodnje piva, s obzirom na to da postoje mnoge opasnosti za zdravlje radnika. Da bi se uklonila ili smanjila opasnost na najmanju moguću mjeru, potrebna je primjena odgovarajućih pravila za siguran rad (osnovna, posebna i priznata pravila) te stalna upotreba osobnih zaštitnih sredstava. |
| Abstract (english) | Beer is an alcoholic bevarage, which is produced in the process of alcoholic fermentation from malt, water, hop and beer yeast. Water is the main part of the beverage. Malt is obtained from cereals, mostly from barley and gives the beer ingridients of extract of which depends fullness of taste and concentration of the basic extract of beer. Hop conserve beer and gives it a pleasant flavor and a bitter taste, while beer yeast causes the alcoholic fermentation in which sugar converts into alcohol and carbon dioxide. Production process is very extensive and demanding, also, takes place in several stages: milling, mashing, mash filtration, wort boiling, sedimentation, cooling, fermentation, maturation, filtration and bottling. Security and safety at work is very important factor in production process of brewing, taken into consideration that there are many health risks for workers. To eliminate or reduce to a minimum the risk, it is necessary to apply appropriate regulations for safety at work (elementary, special and accepted regulations) and also constant use of personal protective equipment. |
