Title Kvaliteta zraka u velikim gradovima
Title (english) AIR QUALITY IN LARGE CITIES
Author Željka Ivandija
Mentor Zoran Vučinić (mentor)
Committee member Marijan Brozović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Jasna Sabljarić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Jovan Vučinić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Zoran Vučinić (član povjerenstva)
Granter Karlovac University of Applied Sciences (The Department of Safety and Protection) Karlovac
Defense date and country 2017-09-21, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline TECHNICAL SCIENCES Basic Technical Sciences
Abstract Izgaranjem fosilnih goriva velik dio oslobođene energije beskorisno odlazi u atmosferu. Produkti izgaranja su vrlo opasni plinovi (sumporni dioksid) koji onečišćuju zrak. Rafinerije nafte u atmosferu otpuštaju amonijak, različite organske kiseline, sumporni oksid, spojeve uglikovodika. Veliki su zagađivači zraka i nadzvučni zrakoplovi koji ispuštaju puno dušikovih oksida, a motorna vozila u atmosferu otpuštaju znatne količine ugljičnog dioksida, ugljičnog monoksida i dušikovog oksida. U većim gradovima i industrijskim središtima zdravstveni problem predstavljaju dim, čađa i smog. Mjerenja Državnog zavoda za meteorologiju pokazuju da 60 % sumpornog dioksida dolazi iz susjednih, industrijski razvijenih zemalja. Zagađenost zraka nije problem nekog određenog područja jer strujanjem zraka zagađuju se sva područja. Dušikovi i sumporovi oksidi izgaranjem fosilnih goriva odlaze u zrak i miješaju se s kišom, što uzrokuje kisele kiše. One uzrokuju koroziju metalnih i kamenih predmeta, promjene na lišću, mijenjaju sastav tla, zagađuju rijeke, potoke, jezera i cijeli ekosustav vodenog staništa. Veliki zagađivači zraka su i freoni (tvari koje se primjenjuju u hladionicima i sprejevima). Ispušteni u atmosferu, izazivaju njezino zagrijavanje. Zbog freona u stratosferi nastaju ozonske rupe, jer freoni razaraju ozon koji štiti Zemlju od prodora ultraljubičastih zraka. Kako klima postaje toplija, Zemljin ekosustav postaje sve sušniji, pa time i podložniji požarima. Čovjek, koji je uvelike pridonio globalnom zatopljenju uništavanjem zelenih staništa za račun širenja gradova, industrijalizacije, ekspanzivnog poljodjelstva i stalnog porasta potrošnje energije za pogon automobila i kućne potrebe danas zbog toga plaća veliku cijenu.
Abstract (english) The combustion of fossil fuels releases much of the energy uselessly into the atmosphere. The products of combustion are very dangerous gases (sulfur dioxide) that pollute the air. Oil refining releases ammonia, various organic acids, sulfur oxide, hydrocarbon compounds in the atmosphere. Important to mention as air pollutants are supersonic aircraft which emit a lot of nitrous oxide, a motor vehicles releasing significant amounts of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. In major cities and industrial centers health problem is the smoke, soot and smog. Measurements of the Central Bureau of Meteorology show that 60% of sulfur dioxide comes from neighboring, industrially developed countries. Air pollution is not a problem of a particular area because of the airflow and it pollutes all areas. Nitrogen and sulfur oxides from burning fossil fuels go up in the air and mixed with rain, which causes acid rain. One cause corrosion of metal and stone objects, changes the leaves, changing the composition of the soil, polluting rivers, streams, lakes and the entire ecosystem of aquatic habitats. Large air pollutants are chlorofluorocarbons (substances that are used in fridges and sprays). Released into the atmosphere, causing its heating. Because Freon in the stratosphere results ozone hole, because chlorofluorocarbons destroy ozone, which protects the Earth from the harsh ultraviolet rays. As the climate becomes warmer, the Earth's ecosystem is becoming drier, and thus more susceptible to fires. The man, who has contributed greatly to global warming, destruction of green habitats for account urban expansion, industrialization, agriculture and expansive steady increase in energy consumption for driving the car and home needs today therefore pay a high price.
Keywords
Zrak
indeks kvalitete zraka
atmosfera
kvaliteta zraka u gradovima
zagađenje
globalizacija
ozonski omotač
okoliš
Keywords (english)
Air
air quality index
atmosphere
air quality in cities
pollution
globalization
ozone layer
environment
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:128:852341
Study programme Title: Security and Protection Studies Study programme type: professional Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: stručni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka sigurnosti i zaštite (stručni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka sigurnosti i zaštite)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
Terms of use
Created on 2018-02-28 13:17:22