This thesis will deal with the theme of development lathe and milling machine. We describe their historical development from ancient Egypt to the present modern and machining centers that enable processing of complex workpieces in a single clamping.. The following describes the lathes and lathe machining centers and presents some performance. Lathes are divided into horizontal and vertical, and at the end of each performance on the specification of such a modern machine. Described is receiving the cutting tools on the classic lathe and lathe machining center. The development of the turret head that contributed to faster and more efficient processing of the machine, enabling processing with multiple tools in just a single clamping of the workpiece. In the chapter milling greater attention is paid to multi-axis machining centers performances cutters, who with a number of shear axis have the ability to process complex prismatic workpieces. Some examples of the performance of the automatic tool change with and without leverage. For direct automatic tool change presents some innovative examples of performance that significantly reduce the time to change the tool and its simplicity increases the reliability and precision of the machining center, thus increasing the competitiveness of companies that use them. In the chapter "Solutions for main and auxiliary movement with these machines" are presented for the main motion drives and drives for sliding movement. Their role in the processing of turning and milling is one of the most important. Their development can significantly affect the achievement of higher speed cutting and reducing time to delivery and sliding movement which ultimately reduces overall processing time. In the chapter "Modern improvements modules and performance" are presented and described rotating tilting table, rotating table for turning and contemporary performances stand for machining centers.