The technology of producing beeswax foundation includes beeswax sterilization which represents exposure to high temperatures (mostly between 120-140 °C) in order to destroy the spores of Paenibacillus larvae, bacteria causing American foulbrood. Mentioned heat treatment can affect beeswax composition and quality to some extent, so the aim of this study was to examine the influence of different heat treatments on beeswax composition and quality. The study was carried out on beeswax samples (n=5) which were exposed to different heat treatments with regard to the temperature (100 °C, 120 °C, 140 °C and 160 °C), and treatment duration (30 minutes, 1 hour and 3 hours). The overall chemical composition of beeswax samples was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR recording technique). The results of the spectral analysis showed that most of heat treatments did not have a significant impact on the overall chemical composition and quality of beeswax. However, a negative influence of beeswax exposure to a temperature of 160 °C for 3 hours on the proportion of free fatty acids (degradation of the fraction of free fatty acids) in beeswax was observed. Furthermore, with the increase in temperature, an increase in the proportion of esters was also observed.