prikaz prve stranice dokumenta Obrada voda naprednom osmozom
  Download
PDF 1.25 MB
undergraduate thesis
Obrada voda naprednom osmozom
Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 2016. urn:nbn:hr:149:204998
Biloš, Gabrijela
University of Zagreb
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology

Institutional repository: Repository of Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology University of Zagreb

Cite this document

Biloš, G. (2016). Obrada voda naprednom osmozom (Undergraduate thesis). Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:204998

Biloš, Gabrijela. "Obrada voda naprednom osmozom." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 2016. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:204998

Biloš, Gabrijela. "Obrada voda naprednom osmozom." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 2016. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:204998

Biloš, G. (2016). 'Obrada voda naprednom osmozom', Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, accessed 27 December 2024, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:204998

Biloš G. Obrada voda naprednom osmozom [Undergraduate thesis]. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology; 2016 [cited 2024 December 27] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:204998

G. Biloš, "Obrada voda naprednom osmozom", Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Zagreb, 2016. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:149:204998

Metadata
TitleObrada voda naprednom osmozom
Title (english)Water treatment by forward osmosis
AuthorGabrijela Biloš
MentorKrešimir Košutić (mentor)
Committee memberKrešimir Košutić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee memberDavor Dolar (član povjerenstva)
Committee memberDanijela Ašperger (član povjerenstva)
GranterUniversity of Zagreb
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology
Zagreb
Defense date and country2016-09-12, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		TECHNICAL SCIENCES
Chemical Engineering
Mechanical, Thermal and Separation Processes
Abstract
Napredna osmoza je osmotski vođen membranski proces koji koristi gradijent osmotskog tlaka kako bi potaknuo fluks vode kroz polupropusnu membranu iz pojne kapljevine (s nižim osmotskim tlakom) u osmotsko sredstvo (s višim osmotskim tlakom). Transport molekula vode omogućava postizanje ravnoteže između ta dva sustava. U radu se objašnjavaju izazovi vezani za naprednu osmozu kao: vanjska i unutrašnja koncentracijska polarizacija, reverzna difuzija soli i blokiranje membrana. Također, opisuju se do sada najučinkovitiji načini smanjenja navedenih problema. Zahtjevi koje bi trebalo ispuniti idealno osmotsko sredstvo su brojni: visoki osmotski tlak, minimalna reverzna difuzija, mala molekulska masa i niska viskoznost, jednostavna regeneracija, lako rukovanje, kompatibilnost s membranom te da ne smije biti toksično. Postoje dodatni zahtjevi i za ''idealne'' membrane pa one moraju omogućiti visoki fluks vode, visoko odbacivanje tvari iz pojne kapljevine i osmotskog sredstva, moraju imati nisku koncentracijsku polarizaciju, visoku kemijsku otpornost, visoku mehaničku robusnost, a blokiranje mora biti što manje. Posljedično, razvijen je velik broj različitih osmotskih sredstava i membrana koje u većoj ili manjoj mjeri ispunjavaju navedene zahtjeve. Napredna osmoza kao nova tehnologija ima različite primjene od kojih se mogu istaknuti: desalinacija, obrada otpadnih voda, prehrambena i farmaceutska industrija i proizvodnja električne energije.
Abstract (english)
Forward osmosis is osmotically driven membrane process that uses the osmotic pressure gradient to encourage the flux of water through a semi-permeable membrane from feed solution (low osmotic pressure) to draw solution (high osmotic pressure). Transportation of water molecules allows a balance between the two systems. This paper explains the challenges related to forward osmosis such as: external and internal concentration polarization, reverse solute diffusion and membrane fouling. The most effective ways, so far, to reduce these problems are also described. Requirements that the draw solution should fulfill are numerous: high osmotic pressure, minimal reverse diffusion, low molecular weight and low viscosity, easy recovery, easy manipulation, compatibility with the membrane and zero toxicity. In addition, there are requirements for an ideal membrane: they must provide a high flux of water, high rejection of substances from the feed solution and the draw solution, low concentration polarization, high chemical resistance, high mechanical robustness and low fouling. Therefore, different osmotic agents and membranes that more or less meet these requirements, have been developed. Forward osmosis as new technology has different applications, some of which can be highlighted: desalination, wastewater treatment, food and pharmaceutical industry and power generation.
Keywords
Keywords (english)
Languagecroatian
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:149:204998
Study programmeTitle: Environmental Engineering - Undergraduate study
Study programme type: university
Study level: undergraduate
Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka ekoinženjerstva)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsOpen access
Terms of useLicence In copyright icon
Created on2018-02-05 09:32:38