Accidents are the leading cause of death in children as well as the cause of many other negative consequences. The problem is multidisciplinary and health professionals, especially pediatricians, are an important part of the solution. To be able to successfully work on the reduction of accidents important are knowledge, attitudes and behavior of health care professionals themselves. This paper describes the knowledge, attitudes and behavior and the effects of education on accidents or injuries to children in pediatric primary health care (PHC). Anonymous questionnaire was sent to a pediatric office with a prepared envelope and stamp for reply in 2007. After the first circle of questionnaires professional literature in the form of manuals was individually delivered to the all pediatricians in PHC and additional literature for parents in the form of leaflets, so called “meters” and posters have been distributed through doctors' waiting rooms. 2013 was carried out a second round of research. In 2007, of 236 pediatricians in PHC them 99 or 42% responded to the questionnaire. 2013 of 264 pediatricians in PHC responded them 65 or 25%. Research has shown the consistency of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of pediatricians in PHC with slight differences to the better in the second round of the study, but not statistically significant. We found the increased tolerance of non-vaccination of children statistically significant. According to certain categories the best results were on the issues of traffic and it is obvious that this is an area where the most attention is paid to general education and increasing awareness of the problem of child accidents. The results of questions about poisoning in both rounds of the survey are not satisfactory despite a slight shift to a higher percentage of correct answers. In both rounds the respondents state that the leading cause of poisoning of children in Croatia is household chemicals, and the correct answer is drugs. Also 30% of respondents answered that vomiting should be induced immediately if a child swallows a possible toxic substance. Although in the second round we found an increase in the correct answers still the small number of respondents recommend exclusive back position for infants’ sleeping of still large percentage of them recommend lateral and back position. It is worrying that over 10% of respondents think that the doctor should keep patients’ secret if child confides that he is abused. In conclusion we can say that it requires further systematic work on the education of pediatricians PHC especially in some areas in order to act more efficiently in reducing children accidents.