Title Osnovna obilježja prirođenih srčanih grješaka
Title (english) Basic characteristics of most common cardiac heart defects
Author Ines Tomašković
Mentor Daniel Dilber (mentor)
Committee member Ivan Malčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Marija Jelušić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Daniel Dilber (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zagreb School of Medicine (Department of Pediatrics) Zagreb
Defense date and country 2015-07-15, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Pediatrics
Abstract Cilj rada je prikazati osnovna obilježja prirođenih srčanih grješaka. Rad je pregledni te mu je cilj prikazati dosadašnje spoznaje koje se odnose na etiologiju bolesti, prikazati suvremene patogenetske podjele prirođenih srčanih grješaka, opisati kliničku sliku najčešćih prirođenih srčanih grješaka te navesti smjernice u liječenju pojedinih skupina bolesnika. Od osobitog je značaja naglasiti važnost timskog rada u zbrinjavanju ove skupine bolesnika. Jednako tako treba naglasiti i važnost kontinuiranog praćenja djece koja sve više prelaze u odraslu dob te formiraju skupinu odraslih bolesnika koja poprima sve veći javnozdravstveni značaj. Prirođene srčane grješke su etiološki i fenotipski raznolika skupina bolesti, koja se javlja u oko 0,7 do 1% živorođene djece. S obzirom na veliki broj različitih prirođenih srčanih grješaka, postoje i brojne podjele istih, prema anatomskim, hemodinamskim ili pak kliničkim kriterijima. Prema hemodinamskim karakteristikama dijelimo ih na dvije velike skupine: 1. srčane grješke bez patološkog spoja između sistemskog i pulmonalnog optoka (pulmonalna stenoza, koarktacija aorte, aortna stenoza) te 2. srčane grješke s patološkim spojem između sistemskog i pulmonalnog optoka: grješke s arterijsko-venskim pretokom (defekt ventrikularnogseptuma, defekt atrijskog septuma, otvoreni arterijski duktus Botalli) i grješke s vensko-arterijskim pretokom ili s dvosmjernim pretokom (tetralogija Fallot, trikuspidalna atrezija, transpozicija velikih krvnih žila, arterijski trunkus). Nakon dijagnostičke obrade i postavljanja egzaktne dijagnoze, počinje se s liječenjem, koje je uglavnom kirurško. Naravno, daljnji postupak ovisi o stanju djeteta, dogovoru s roditeljima te o ostalim trenutnim mogućnostima. Revoluciju u liječenju kompleksnih srčanih mana donijeli su kardiokirurški zahvati kojima je omogućeno premoštenje desne, odnosno lijeve strane srca. Na taj je način omogućeno liječenje i sindroma hipoplastičnog lijevog srca. Osim svega navedenoga, pacijentima s prirođenim srčanim grješkama potrebno je kontinuirano praćenje, pravovremeno prepoznavanje mogućih komplikacija i zbrinjavanje istih. Uz to je također izuzetno važna liječnička podrška i dobra komunikacija kako s pacijentima tako i s njihovim obiteljima.
Abstract (english) The aim of the diploma thesis is to show the basic features of congenital heart disease. The thesis is a review and aims to show the existing knowledge concerning the etiology of the disease, shows the modern pathogenetic classification of the congenital heart disease, describes the clinical picture of the most common congenital heart diseases and states guidelines in the treatment of certain patient groups. It is crucial to emphasize the importance of the teamwork in the care of this group of patients. The continuous monitoring of children moving towards an adulthood and form a group of adult patients, that assumes increasing public health significance, should also be highlighted. Congenital heart diseases are etiologic and phenotypically heterogeneous group of diseases, which occurs in about 0.7 to 1% of live births. Due to the large number of different congenital heart malformations, there are numerous divisions and classifications, according to anatomic, hemodynamic or clinical criteria. According to the hemodynamic characteristics, congenital heart diseases are divided into two major groups: 1. Cardiac malformation without pathological connection between the systemic and pulmonary circulation (pulmonary stenosis, coarctation of the aorta, aortic stenosis); and 2. Cardiac malformation with abnormal connection between the systemic and pulmonary circulation: malformation with arterial-venous flow (ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, persistent ductus arteriosus Botalli) and malformation with venous-arterial flow or two-way flow (tetralogy of Fallot, tricuspid atresia, transposition of the great vessels). Diagnostic work and precise diagnosis are followed by the treatment, which is mainly surgical. Of course, the further procedure depends on the child's condition, consultation with parents and another possible options. The surgical interventions which enabled bridging the right and left sides of the heart brought a revolution in the treatment of complex heart malformation. In this way, the treatment of the hypoplastic left heart syndrome is possible.
In addition to the above, patients with congenital heart disease have to be continuously monitored. There is also a huge importance of timely recognition and treatment of possible complications as well as a good communication with patients and with their families.
Keywords
kongenitalne srčane grješke
VSD
koarktacija
operacija po Fontanu
pedijatrija
Keywords (english)
congenital heart disease
VSD
coarctation
the Fontan procedure
pediatric
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:105:143928
Study programme Title: Medicine Study programme type: university Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2016-08-10 08:10:07