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undergraduate thesis
Uloga transpozona u nastanku introna
Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2017. urn:nbn:hr:217:148264
Pali, Dorotea
University of Zagreb
Faculty of Science
Department of Biology

Institutional repository: Repository of the Faculty of Science

Cite this document

Pali, D. (2017). Uloga transpozona u nastanku introna (Undergraduate thesis). Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:148264

Pali, Dorotea. "Uloga transpozona u nastanku introna." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2017. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:148264

Pali, Dorotea. "Uloga transpozona u nastanku introna." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2017. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:148264

Pali, D. (2017). 'Uloga transpozona u nastanku introna', Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, accessed 03 January 2025, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:148264

Pali D. Uloga transpozona u nastanku introna [Undergraduate thesis]. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science; 2017 [cited 2025 January 03] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:148264

D. Pali, "Uloga transpozona u nastanku introna", Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Zagreb, 2017. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:148264

Metadata
TitleUloga transpozona u nastanku introna
Title (english)Mechanism for DNA transposons to generate introns
AuthorDorotea Pali
MentorIvana Ivančić Baće (mentor)
GranterUniversity of Zagreb
Faculty of Science
(Department of Biology)
Zagreb
Defense date and country2017-09-06, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		NATURAL SCIENCES
Biology
Abstract
Otkriće introna, a kasnije i njihove funkcije u genomu, značilo je početak boljeg razumijevanja prirode eng. „junk DNA“ te regulacije genske ekspresije kod eukariota. Samo podrijetlo introna zasad je slabo istraženo. Najnoviji model prijenosa uz pomoć transpozonskih elemenata nudi obećavajući mehanizam za neke od introna nastalih u novije vrijeme. Intronski elementi (eng. Introner Element, IE) kod M. pusille i A. anophagefferens pronađeni su u velikom broju, te ne pokazuju međusobnu sličnost u sekvencama. Mehanizam njihove ugradnje, koji uključuje formiranje jednog mjesta izrezivanja unutar invertnog rubnog ponavljanja (eng. Terminal Inverted Repeat, TIR) u intronu, te drugog mjesta izrezivanja unutar dupliciranog ciljnog mjesta (eng. Target Site Duplication, TSD) u eksonu, osigurava pravilno izrezivanje intronskog elementa bez narušavanja struktura i funkcija proteina kodiranih susjednim eksonima. Sličnost s DNA transpozonima vidljiva je u formiranju TSD-a dugih 3 pb kod M. pusille i 8 pb kod A. anophagefferens, budući da DNA transpozoni prilikom svoje ugradnje stvaraju direktna ponavljanja i cik-cak ureze. Zbog toga što su kratki i ne sadržavaju okvire čitanja za kodiranje transpozaze, pripadaju skupini neautonomnih DNA transpozona. S obzirom na relativnu jednostavnost mehanizma te sveprisutnost DNA transpozona kod eukariota, postoji mogućnost da ovaj način nastanka introna nije rezerviran samo za nedavne događaje, već se odvijao i prije u evoluciji. Međutim, mali broj otkrivenih introna ovog tipa navodi nas na zaključak kako je vjerojatno prije riječ o iznimci nego pravilu, te da ovaj mehanizam najvjerojatnije ne može opisati nastanak većine introna. Valja istražiti prisutnost i učestalost ovog mehanizma u ostalim organizmima, te pronaći alternativne načine ugradnje introna.
Abstract (english)
The discovery of introns and their function in a genome was of great importance for better understanding the nature of junk DNA and their role in regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. Their origin, however, is not well understood. A new model, that explains their motion through transsmition of transposable elements, is believed to explain recent intron gain. Introner Elements (IEs) of M. pusilla and A. anophagefferens were found in a great number of copies and show lack of sequence similarity. The proposed mechanism is based on the discovery that every IE caries one splice site at the end of Terminal Inverted Repeat (TIR) and another splice site at Target Site Duplication (TSD) sequence. The introns are removed perfectly, without altering protein structure and function. The elements being inserted that generate 3 bp long TSDs in M. pusilla and 8 bp long TSDs in A. anophagefferens are similar to DNA transposons, which are known to form direct repeats while inserting into DNA. IEs are small and non-autonomous DNA transposons that contain no open reading frames, making them reliable upon transposases encoded elsewhere in genome. Due to simplicity of this mechanism and ubiquity of DNA transposons, it is important to explore the possibility of that kind of intron gain happening earlier in evolution. Considering that a small number of those introns has been found, this mechanism probably isn't the main source of their generation. It is essential to determine their frequency in other organisms, or some alternative mechanisms for their insertion.
Keywords
Keywords (english)
Languagecroatian
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:217:148264
Study programmeTitle: Molecular Biology
Study programme type: university
Study level: undergraduate
Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsOpen access
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Created on2017-09-18 12:53:35