| Abstract | Moždani udar (MU) je drugi uzrok smrti globalno, a gotovo polovica ljudi koji prežive MU ostanu invalidi. Broj novooboljelih od MU-a je u porastu, prvenstveno zbog starenja populacije, no značajan je utjecaj drugih čimbenika rizika, među kojim se posebno ističu oni povezani uz stanje uhranjenosti, životne i prehrambene navike. Prehrana usklađena principima mediteranske i/ili DASH dijete pokazuje preventivne učinke na MU. Provedeno je presječno opažajno istraživanje na 150 odraslih osoba (66 muškaraca, 84 žene) u dobi od 55,10±12,13 godina (35 do 74) s područja grada Sarajeva. Na osnovu smjernica Hrvatskog društva za prevenciju moždanog udara izvršena je procjena rizika od MU-a za ispitanike. Trećina ispitanika nije imala rizik od MU-a (32 %), 61,3 % je imalo povišen rizik, dok je 6,7 % imalo visoki rizik za MU. Usklađenost prehrane principima mediteranske i DASH dijete je bila 16,90±0,43 bodova (6 – 32), što odgovara usklađenosti prehrane od 52,8 % i ne može se smatrati dobrom. Posebno loše je što ispitanici rijetko konzumiraju ribu, maslinovo ulje i vino dok slatkiše jedu redovito. Ipak, najveći broj ispitanika ne puši (44 %), no imaju povećanu tjelesnu masu (55 %), 36,6 % je slabo fizički aktivno i 45,3 % ispitanika ima pozitivnu obiteljsku anamnezu na kardiovaskularne bolesti.Osobe koji su samci ili žive u izvanbračnoj zajednici imaju veći rizik od MU-a, kao i osobe koje nisu zaposlene. Također, osobe koji konzumiraju domaće pripremljene obroke i rijetko koriste polugotove i gotove obroke imaju manji rizik od MU-a (p<0,030). |
| Abstract (english) | Stroke is the second cause of death globally, and almost half of those who survive become disabled. The number of new cases is on the rise, mainly due to population ageing. Additionally, other factors have important role in stroke, especially those related to state of nourishment, lifestyle and dietary habits. Diet that is in line with the Mediterranean or DASH principles shows preventive effect for stroke. An observational study was conducted on 150 adults (66 men, 84 women), aged 55.10±12.13 (35 to 74 years) from the city of Sarajevo. Based on the Croatian Stroke Prevention Society's questionnaire we assessed stroke risk among participants. One third of participants did not have risk for stroke (32%), 61.3% had increased risk, while 6.7% had high stroke risk. Dietary compliance with the Mediterranean and DASH diet was 16.90±0.43 points (6 – 32 points), which corresponds with the compliance of 52.8% and cannot be considered as adequate. Especially worrying is low consumption of fish, olive oil and wine, while sweets are consumed regularly. Still, most of the participants do not smoke (44%), but they are overweight (55%), 36.6% have low level of physical activity and 45.3% have positive family history for cardiovascular disease.People who are single or live in an extramarital relationship have a higher risk of stroke, as well as people who are not employed. In addition, people who more frequently consume homemade meals and rarely go for ready-to-eat meals have lower stroke risk (p<0.030). |
