Title Morfološke karakteristike i pomotehnika uzgoja šipka Title (english) Morphology characteristics and pomotechnics of pomegranate Author Marina Bulat Mentor Mia Brkljača (mentor)Committee member Tomislav Kos (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Mia Brkljača (član povjerenstva)Committee member Šime Marcelić (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zadar Defense date and country 2018-09-30, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES Abstract Šipak koji se još naziva nar, mogranj ili zov (Punica granatum L.) pripada porodici Lythraceae. Zbog visokog sadržaja vitamina i antioksidansa koji povoljno utječu na čovjekovo zdravlje, te je zbog toga proizvodnja šipka u svijetu sve popularnija. Šipak ima širok areal uzgoja, a glavni svjetski proizvođači su Iran, SAD, Kina, Indija, Izrael, Egipat, Španjolska i Turska. Porast proizvodnje ove voćne vrste u svijetu doveo je do unaprjeđenja tehnika uzgoja. U RH postoje povoljni ekološki uvjeti za uzgoj šipka. Šipak se tradicionalno uzgaja u južnoj Dalmaciji na relativno malom području dubrovačkom području i dolini Neretve. Međutim šipak se uzgaja uglavnom na okućnicama u formi grma s puno izbojaka uz obilnu rodnost, bez provođenja pomotehničkih zahvata a najrašireniji je samonikli ili divlji šipak. Cilj ovoga rada bio je dati pregled literature o morfologiji šipka, karakteristikama najpoznatijih sorti te pomotehnici kod podizanja i održavanja nasada šipka. Šipak je listopadni grm visine od 2 do 5 m. Korijen mu je drvenast i kvrgast, lišće sjajno i duguljasto, a na izdanku se pojavljuje 3 do 5 cvjetova. Šipak je samooplodna i entomofilna vrsta. Glavne sorte šipka su Barski slatki, Glavaš, Paštrun, Konjski zub i Šerbetaš. Najpovoljniji uzgojni oblik je grm s 4 do 6 izdanaka ili vaza. Šipak se može uzgajati uz korištenje armature. U uzgoju šipka rezidbom se odstranjuju osušene grane, jake vodopije i višak izbojaka iz tla. Plodovi se prorjeđuju 2-3 tjedna nakon cvatnje, a prilikom prorijede odstranjuju se prvo oštećeni, bolesni plodovi i kasno zametnuti plodovi. Na mladici se ostavlja se jedan plod na 7-10 cm. Ujednačenje dozrijevanja plodova se provodi tretiranjem s regulatorima rasta.
Abstract (english) Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is the fruit tree from Lythraceae family. Due to high content of vitamins and antioxidants affecting human health favorably, popularity of pomegranate world production increases. The pomegranate is widely spread with main producers being Iran, USA, China, India, Israel, Egypt, Spain and Turkey. Growth of world production resulted in the improvements of pomegranate cultivation. In Croatia ecological conditions for the pomegranate cultivation are favorable. It is traditionally grown on a small area near Dubrovnik and in Neretva river valley in south Dalmatia. The pomegranate is grown mostly in gardens as dense shrubs with high yields and mostly is grown wild pomegranate. The aim of this thesis was to analyze the literature on morphology, characteristics of main cultivars and pomotechnical measures in training and orchard cultivation. Pomegranate is a deciduous shrub that reaches up to 2 or 5 m in height. The root is woody and knobby, the leaves are shiny and oblong, and flowers grow in bunches of 3 to 5 flowers. Pomegranate is self-fertile entomophilic fruit. The main cultivars are Barski slatki, Glavaš, Paštrun, Konjski zub and Šerbetaš. The best training system is the bush with 4 to 6 branches or the vase. Pomegranate is grown on trellis system also. Pruning of dead branches, strong suckers and numerous branches is done regularly. Fruit thinning is done 2 to 3 weeks after flowering by removing mechanically or by deceases damaged fruits or fruits of late fruitset. One fruit at every 7-10 cm is left. Simultaneous fruit ripening is achieved after treatments with plant growth regulators.
Keywords
morfologija
pomotehnika
šipak
Keywords (english)
morphology
pomegranate
pomotechnic practices
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:162:637592 Study programme Title: Applied Ecology in Agronomy Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Created on 2019-04-02 12:09:58
