| Sažetak | Na temelju pregleda literature i primjenom polustrukturiranog intervjua s djelatnicima osiguravajućih društava, u radu se daje pregled najznačajnijih obilježja i način funkcioniranja poljoprivrednog osiguranja u Svijetu i EU te njihova usporedba s Hrvatskom. Osnovu rada čini usporedba ponude i politika potpore poljoprivrednog osiguranja u Hrvatskoj i odabranim državama članicama EU. Analizira se pokrivenost rizika, subvencija premije osiguranja te način funkcioniranja sustava poljoprivrednog osiguranja u Španjolskoj, Njemačkoj, Italiji i Sloveniji. Osiguranje je način preventivnog djelovanja u cilju smanjivanja posljedica rizika. Glavna obilježja sustava poljoprivrednog osiguranja u EU jesu velika heterogenost obzirom na ponudu osiguranja, rizike koje pokrivaju, poljoprivredne proizvodnje koje je moguće osigurati, stupanj upliva države i sl. Rezultat polustrukturiranog intervjua pokazuju kako su glavna obilježja poljoprivrednog osiguranja u Hrvatskoj slaba ponuda osiguravajućih društava, ali i slaba potražnja, pa tako samo pet osiguravatelja u svojim ponudama nude osiguranje životinja, usjeva i nasada. Zahvaljujući „Mjeri 17. - Osiguranje usjeva, životinja i biljaka“ mnoge osiguravajuće kuće vide veliki pomak u ovoj vrsti osiguranja (rast premije, broja sklopljenih polica, rast interesa poljoprivrednika). Bilježi se rast premija i rast broja ugovorenih polica. Isto tako, nailaze na problem sporosti državne administracije i još uvijek nedovoljne financijske pismenosti poljoprivrednika. Pred poljoprivrednim osiguranjem, ali i drugim oblicima upravljanja rizikom u poljoprivredi u Hrvatskoj stoje brojni izazovi i dugotrajan proces prilagodbe promijenjenim proizvodnim uvjetima (klimatske promjene), ali i inovacijama (digitalna tehnologija, satelitski snimci, primjena dronova i sl.) kako bi dostigli razvijene zemlje Svijeta i Zapadne Europe. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Based on the literature review and implementation of a semi-structured interview with employees of insurance companies, the paper gives an overview of the most important characteristics and the way of functioning of agricultural insurance in the World and the EU and their comparison with Croatia. The basis of this paper is comparison between the supply and the way of agricultural insurance subsidies of the most developed countries of EU, on one side, and Croatia, on the other. Also, the coverage risks, insurance premium subsidies and the functioning of the agricultural insurance system in Spain, Germany, Italy and Slovenia are analyzed. Insurance is a way of preventative action in order to reduce the risk of consequences. The main features of the agricultural insurance system in the EU are a great heterogeneity with regard to insurance offer, the risks that are covered, the possible agricultural production that can be insured, the degree of state inflow, etc. The results of a semi-structured interview are showing how the main features of agricultural insurance in Croatia are a weak supply of insurance companies, but also low demand, so only five insurers in their offers offer animal, crop and plant insurance. Thanks to „Measure 17. – Insurance of crops, animals and plants“ a lot of the insurance companies see a big shift in this type of insurance (premium growth, number of contracted insurance policies, increased interest). The growth of insurance premiums and the contracted policies is noted. Also, they face the problem of slow state administration and still, insufficient financial literacy of farmers. The possibility of co-financing part of the insurance policy for crop, animals and plant under the Rural Development Program of Republic of Croatia for the period of 2014-2020 updates the topic of agricultural insurance. In addition to agricultural insurance as well as other forms of risk management in agriculture of Croatia, there are numerous challenges and long-term adaptation process of adjustment to changed production conditions (climate change) but also to innovations (digital technology, satellite imagery, drones etc.) to reach developed countries of the World and Western Europe. |
