Modern conventional agriculture, due to the intensive way of food production, can have a negative impact on the environment and the health of all beings. Instead of applying mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products, ecological alternatives are being sought, and one of them is the use ofmicroorganisms in agriculture which can improve plant growth and development. Microorganisms found in the plant rhizosphere and on or in the plant itself make up its microbiome, and the members are various genera of bacteria, fungi, and archaea. Legume family (lat. Fabaceae) includes some of the most important agricultural crops after cereals, and represents a good basis for microbiome research due to the symbiotic association with nodule bacteria - rhizobia, creating nodules at the root of legumes where fixation of atmospheric nitrogen takes place. Recent research has shown that in addition to the well - known and most common genera of rhizobia such as Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium and Mesorhizobium, nodules also contain other genera of bacteria. Bacteria genera such as Pseudomonas, Bacillus and actinobacteria Streptomyces act as plant growth promoters (PGPB) with production of plant hormones and siderophores, antimicrobial and antifungal substances, while also indirectly with their presence, strengthening the plant's resistance to stressors. The roles of all members of the microbiome haven't yet been sufficiently studied, but represent the potential for further research and application. Examining the effectiveness of the community of endophytic bacteria in nodules, rhizobia and non-rhizobia, represents a good path towards organic and sustainable agricultural production of legumes.