Dalmatian pyrethrum (Tranacetum cinerariifolium (Trevis.) Sch. Bip.) is a perennial herbaceous plant species from the Asteraceae. Pyrethrin, the economically most important natural insecticide, is extracted from the flower heads. Iti s composed of six active ingredients; pyrethrin I and II, cinerin I and II, and jasmolin I and II. The aim of the study was to compare the variability of morphological characteristics of Dalmatian pyrethrum plants and pyrethrin content in six natural populations of Dalmatian pyrethrum and to evaluate their relationship. The research was conducted on six populations. Morphological measurements were performed on 10 individuals from each population. A total of six morphological properties were evaluated; bush diameter, plant height and number of flower heads per plant were measured in the field, while total inflorescence area, ligule and tubular flower. The extraction of pyrethrins from the dried heads of the Dalmatian pyrethrum was carried out by ultrasonic extraction, while the identification and quantification of all six components of pyrethrins was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography. Analysis of variance was performed to test for differences between populations. Post hoc comparisons of population means were performed using the Tukey-Kramer test. Relationships between measured traits were examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The average total area of the flower heads ranged from 542.95 mm2 in population Pop 4 (Žman) to 886.04 mm2 in population Pop 3 (Vrbnik). The average values of the content of total pyrethrins ranged from 0.96% of the mass of dry flowers in the population Pop 4 (Žman) to 1.38% of the mass of dry flowers in the population Pop 5 (Korčula). It was determined that there is no significant correlation between the morphological properties of the Dalmatian pyrethrum plants and the pyrethrin content in the six investigated Dalmatian pyrethrum populations.