The management of Fluvisols represents a crucial aspect of sustainable agriculture due to their high fertility and susceptibility to soil degradation. Among the numerous factors influencing soil health and crop productivity, impact of tillage practices and straw management stands out as a critical area of study. This integrated approach plays a pivotal role in shaping the physical properties of Fluvisols and significantly affects crop yield. Tillage practices, ranging from conventional to conservation methods, profoundly influence Fluvisol structure and soil-water dynamics. The choice of tillage method determines the degree of soil disturbance, affecting soil aggregation, porosity, and moisture retention. Additionally, it influences the breakdown of organic matter and nutrient availability, ultimately impacting the soil's fertility and capacity to support crop growth. Understanding the intricacies of different tillage techniques and their repercussions on Fluvisol physical properties is essential for sustainable land management. Simultaneously, the management of straw, a crop residue, is gaining recognition for its role in soil health. Incorporating straw into Fluvisols alters soil structure, enhances organic matter content, and influences moisture retention. Strategic straw management practices, such as mulching or incorporation into the soil, present opportunities to mitigate erosion, reduce evaporation, and bolster soil fertility. However, the effectiveness of these strategies is contingent upon various factors including climate, soil type, and crop rotation. This study aims to delve into the integrated impact of tillage practices and straw management on the physical properties of Fluvisols and subsequent crop yield. By scrutinizing the interactions between these practices, it endeavors to provide insights that can guide sustainable soil management strategies tailored to Fluvisol characteristics and regional agricultural needs. Through a holistic understanding of these interactions, this research seeks to contribute to the development of informed agricultural practices that optimize productivity while preserving the long-term health and fertility of Fluvisol. The research was conducted on the surfaces of the Šašinovec Experimental Farm, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture (45°50' N; 16°11' E; 120 m above sea level), in the area of the City of Zagreb. The location belongs to the Western Pannonian region. The average annual temperature is 10,4 °C, while the average annual precipitation is 852,3 mm. The soil texture is silt clay loam (Fluvisol). The soil is slightly alkaline, with moderate humus content, rich in P2O5 and K2O, and well supplied with total nitrogen content. The experimental field was set up in a split-plot design with three replications for each tillage system. Each block (100 m x 10 m) represents a different tillage system, with mulch (straw) or without mulch as a sub-factor (50 m x 10 m). The tillage systems are as follows: conventional tillage - plowing with a moldboard plow (18 - 20 cm) in autumn and harrowing in spring; minimum tillage - soil tillage with combined implements (cultivator + harrow + roller) (10 - 15 cm) in spring; reduced tillage - subsoiling (35 - 40 cm) in autumn and application of combined tool (10 - 15 cm) in spring. Shredded wheat straw is applied every year after sowing the designated crop at a rate of 2,75 t/ha (140 kg per plot). Planned crops (soybean, maize, wheat) were sown according to the usual crop rotation. Sampling and soil property analysis for the following soil physical properties were monitored: soil water content, bulk density, water holding capacity, penetration resistance, water-stability of structural aggregates. Soil samples for soil analysis were taken immediately after sowing and immediately after harvesting. Samples were taken from two depths (0 - 10 cm; 10 - 20 cm) in three replications for each depth, totaling 108 samples per measurement. Soil water content, bulk density, and water holding capacity were determined by gravimetric drying at 105 °C over a period of 72 hours from an undisturbed soil sample with a volume of 100 cm3. The dynamics of compaction status will be monitored by handheld penetrometer (Eijkelkamp Penetrologger). The measurement procedure included 4 replications per plot, totaling 72 measurements per sampling. Samples for determining the water-stable aggregates percentage were air-dried after careful preparation by hand, and then vibrationally sieved for 30 seconds. Each fraction of aggregates was weighed to determine their proportion in the soil using Kemper and Rosenau (1986) method. For climate interpretation of the 30-year period meteorological data from the Zagreb-Maksimir station was used and compared with dana from meteorological station at the Šašinovec Experimental Farm. Yields were determined by weighing each harvested plot. The organic matter content will be determined on each plot (a total of 18 samples per measurement). Statistical data analysis, (two-factorial) experiment will be set up in a split-plot design, with tillage as the main factor and mulching as the sub-factor. The impact of tillage, mulch, and their interactions on yield and soil physical properties was tested for each year of the study. Data on soil physical properties throughout the years of the study was statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) adapted for split-plot design, utilizing the statistical program SAS 14.3. According to the results, the combination of mulch and RT reduced the bulk density of the soil in the first year of the trial, while the MT and CT treatments had no positive effect. Penetration resistance measurements were below the root development thresholds throughout the experiment and there were no positive effects of the reduction in penetration resistance by the interaction of mulch and RT on the tested treatments in the first year. MT and RT with mulch increased the water holding capacity of the soil in contrast to the bare treatments, and the same positive effect was found for soil water content in the previously mentioned treatments. The values of water-stable aggregates were not affected in the CT and MT treatments with mulch, while a relative increase in stability was observed in the RT treatment with mulch compared to the treatments without and with mulch. The organic matter content was not positively influenced by the MT and RT treatments with mulch, while the CT treatment with mulch had a positive effect in contrast to the treatment with mulch. The yield of soybeans reached relatively higher values in MT and RT treatments with mulch than in untreated treatments. In the following experimental year, the bulk density was significantly lower only in the RT treatment with mulch than in the MT and CT treatments with mulch. A similar effect was observed when measuring the penetration resistance. The water holding capacity of the soil was significantly higher in the MT and RT treatment with straw than in the CT treatment with straw. There were also significant differences in soil water content values, with MT and RT treatments with mulch having higher values than CT treatments with mulch, furthermore, all mulch treatments had higher values than the treatments without mulch. Interestingly, the values for the water-stable aggregates were higher in the bare MT and RT treatments than in the mulch treatment. The same effect was observed in the values for organic matter content and yield of maize. In the third year of the trial, the bulk density was lower in the MT and RT treatment with mulch than in the CT treatment with mulch. Significantly lower penetration resistance was observed in all treatments with mulch compared to bare stems. In terms of water holding capacity, MT and RT treatments with mulch had significantly higher values than bare plots. For soil water content, MT and RT tree with mulch showed significantly higher values than CT tree with mulch. The value of water-stable aggregates was significantly higher in the MT treatment with mulch than in the other mulch treatments. The organic matter content was also significantly higher in the MT treatment with mulch than in the other mulch treatments. Finally, the yield of spring wheat was significantly higher in the MT and RT treatments with mulch than in the CT treatment with mulch. In summary, it can be said that the continuous application of non-inverting tillage with mulch contributes significantly to the reduction of soil degradation. From the collected results, it can be concluded that the use of conventional ploughing is no longer necessary, as soil degradation is greater and yields are not higher than with other vertical tillage systems. The continuous use of straw mulch also contributes significantly to improving the physical properties of the soil and maintaining the sustainability of land use. Furthermore, tillage systems that combine vertical and shallow tillage with mulch can mitigate the losses caused by ever-changing climatic conditions while providing farmers with economic and environmental stability.