In the structure of agricultural production in the Republic of Croatia, plant production is predominant. Without the implementation of some crop protection measures, the losses of potential yield at the world level would amount to around 50%. EU agriculture is still heavily reliant on the use of pesticides for crop protection, and the average specific costs of crop production (including the cost of crop protection) amounts up to 41.5% of the total cost in the EU-28. Using the standard results of the FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network) system, the data of 9 types of plant production in the Republic of Croatia were analyzed in the period from 2017 to 2019. The type of specialist horticulture uses the most labor units and at the same time has the highest total outputs, total costs and plant production costs. The highest cost of plant protection was recorded for mixed crops, while the lowest was for olives growing, which is also in line with European data. However, when looking at the share of the cost of plant protection in the total production cost, the type of specialist orchards-fruits is leading, which is expected, because modern fruit plantations require large investments in protection against frost, hail, and standard plant protection. If we look at the share of the cost of plant protection in the total outputs, it is again the highest for specialist orchards-fruits, which at the same time generate the lowest total outputs of the analyzed types, and the lowest in the specialist olives growing type.