Soil compaction is the most common form of the degradation of agricultural soil caused by intensive farming. Intensive trafficking due tillage, protection, harvesting, other agricultural practices, together with climate affect on different levels of compaction of soils in the vineyards. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the mechanical resistance of the soil at different positions, both within and between the rows, in the seven-year and thirty-year vineyard, due to normal turnover of machinery and different tillage. Studie were conducted in the vineyards Jazbina Faculty of Agriculture in the continental Croatia (45 ° 51'S 16 ° 0 'and, 258 m above sea level). The climate is temperate continental with a thirty year's average (1961st to 1990th) of 852 mm of rainfall and an average annual temperature of 10.3 ° C. In April and July, in the thirty-year vineyard and May, August and December, in the seven-year vineyard, the mechanical resistance was measured of the soil within and between rows. Inter row resistance was measured in two ways – cultivated and grass covered. For the sake of the survey was used Eijkelkamp penetrologger. One measurement included 72 repetitions with penetrometer between the lines and 105 repetitions in the interrows at a depth of 40 cm. The results showed that, statistically, the smallest penetration resistance was determined in the tilled soil between the rows in both of the vineyards which is direct impact of tillage. Also, in both vineyards' soils mechanical resistance increased with depth, regardless of measurement position and statistically the greatest values were measured at a depth of 40 cm, while the lowest values were observed in the surface layer of soil, at 0-10 cm. As far as the time of sampling, statistically the highest resistance was measured in November, as a result of an increase trafficking of agricultural machinery as the result of carrying out the necessary agro-technical measures, protection and harvesting. Resistance values mostly depend about current soil moisture and therefore results of investigation do not provide complete evaluation of soil compaction on investigated vineyards.