The topic of this paper is the goods market, which consists of structures with distinct characteristics and modes of operation that have different characteristics and methods of operation. The paper explains all the market structures and presents their main characteristics and the conditions under which the exchange of goods takes place. The goods market can be divided into markets with perfect and imperfect competition. The topic of the paper is very interesting and has been treated in great detail by various scientists and experts. Since there are only imperfectly competitive markets in the real world, only research into these markets can provide answers to many questions. In today's world and the field of business, we can observe the operation of the market and explain the various situations in which various companies, as well as countries, find themselves, which is additionally explained in the paper. There are also examples of markets that further explain and simplify the way these markets work. The main goal of this paper is to bring closer and explain the operation of market structures and to show the conditions and challenges that business entities and customers face in such markets.