The strength of a country’s economy is made of people, of their skills, abilities and overall knowledge. Investing in human capital is a prerequisite for economic development of each country. It is most important that the citizens of any country of the world become aware of the needs of lifelong learning. But to make people realize this, the country needs to encourage it through a variety of institutions. In fact, in the world of rapid change, lifelong learning is the key to recruitment and economic success. The quality of human capital depends on the quality of the education system that involves living standard, investing in education and participation in education. The aim of education should not be only acquiring of those competencies that will lead to employment of citizens but also those that train them how to actively participate in society. The quality of education is possible to measure according to the dynamics of employment of citizens who have achieved a certain level of education. Focusing education system it creates the foundation for a better employability of the labor force, but also its willingness on lifelong learning. It is possible to achieve by the implementation of reforms in the education system that will aspire the increase of harmonization of existing needs and labor market needs. Since Croatia is a member of the European Union, its young are no longer just the citizens of their country, but also of the whole of Europe, so for it, they should be more educated and more prepared. Quality assurance agencies in education are established for that purpose. Their aim is to help education institutions to adapt their programs to client’s needs and demand and to increase cooperation between vertical alignments within an education system. Three hypotheses have been set and confirmed and they prove that education and the labor market are closely connected and depend on each other. All European Union Member States are obliged to adapt their education systems to labor market needs. The common goal of all states should be decrease of unemployment and increase of the quality of the existing and the future labor force. The doctoral thesis is structured into five chapters. The first chapter belongs to the Introduction. In the second chapter entitled "Migration as a demographic dimension of globalization" is analyzed migration of Croatian population and selected EU Member States (Austria, Czech Republic, and Bulgaria). In the third chapter entitled "Education and the Labour Market in Republic of Croatia" is analyzed the entire educational system of the Republic of Croatia with the characteristics of certain levels of education (pre-school education, primary education, secondary education, and higher education), the labor market in the Republic of Croatia and the connection between education and labor market. The fourth chapter entitled „Education and the labor market in selected EU Member States“ is analyzed education and the labor market separately for each of the observed country. In the fifth chapter entitled "The comparative analysis of the relation between education and the labor market in the Republic of Croatia and selected EU Member States" is conducted an analysis of the education system, analysis of the number of participants of certain levels of education, analysis of quality assurance of the higher education system and analysis of labor market in the Republic of Croatia and selected European Union Member States (analysis of the labor force, analysis of unemployment, analysis of employment). Using the program support R 3.0.2 for Windows operating system is shown model of supply and demand of labor force in relation to educational attainment.