Climate change is becoming an increasingly common cause of the decline of national and most global economies. Frequent extreme conditions, especially in the summer months, are the cause of large financial losses and, ultimately, unemployment and the collapse of economic and financial systems. In order to reduce the negative impacts of climate change, it is necessary to think about them in a way to prevent or reduce them. This especially applies to economic systems and economic branches. Central banking systems also play an important role in raising awareness of the impact of climate change, which can greatly help in reducing the negative impacts of climate change. Therefore, this paper tries to answer the problems of climate change and how banking systems deal with the aforementioned changes. The impact of climate change on modern economies and the maintenance of traditional economies will be briefly mentioned. The greatest emphasis in this paper is on the Croatian National Bank and its role in strengthening the catalyst of climate transition in the Republic of Croatia, in accordance with its mandate, instruments and resources. The aim of this research is related to climate change and its impact on banking systems. The purpose of the research is to expand knowledge related to the climate strategy of the Croatian National Bank, the processes and decisions that are made to reduce negative climate impacts. General terms related to climate change and banking systems and the impact of banks on economies affected by climate change are explained in detail.