Money laundering is a global problem that seriously undermines the integrity of financial systems and social well-being, as it allows criminal organizations and individuals to conceal illegally acquired funds and integrate them into legitimate money flows. The process of money laundering consists of three main stages: placement, where illegally obtained money enters the financial system; layering, where money is often transferred through complex networks of transactions to obscure its origin; and integration, where the money becomes part of the legitimate economy. Governments and financial institutions worldwide implement a range of measures to combat money laundering. International organizations such as FATF (Financial Action Task Force) set standards and recommendations to help countries develop national policies for preventing money laundering and terrorist financing. These measures include strict controls such as customer identification and verification, transaction monitoring and analysis, regular employee training, and close cooperation with relevant authorities and international partners. In the Republic of Croatia, the strategy to combat money laundering is based on legislative frameworks, the monitoring of financial transactions, strong regulation, and international cooperation, all of which contribute to strengthening the resilience of the financial system. Success requires the ongoing commitment of all stakeholders—lawmakers, regulators, financial institutions, and citizens—to prevent the abuse of financial systems. The purpose of this research is to provide a detailed insight into the problem of money laundering and to analyze global and national strategies to combat this threat. The research focuses on explaining the money laundering process through its stages, evaluating the effectiveness of international standards set by organizations such as FATF, and examining the measures that governments and financial institutions implement, including customer identification and verification, transaction monitoring, and cooperation with authorities. Special emphasis is placed on the legislative framework of the Republic of Croatia, analyzing the role of supervision and international cooperation in strengthening the financial system.