From the analysis carried out in this thesis, we can conclude that real estate is an important factor in the economic, social and legal structure of modern society. Their importance stems from the fact that real estate is not only used for housing or business, but also represents a significant form of property and often serves as means of investment. Through the study of the impact of economic growth, inflation, interest rates, and the unemployment rate on residential property prices, it became clear that these factors are key in shaping the dynamics of the real estate market. Analyzing the price trends of residential real estate in the European Union over the past thirty years, the dynamic character of that market can be seen. The market has gone through various phases of growth, stagnation and crises, with many factors, such as economic opportunities, demographic changes and the regulatory framework, affecting prices. For example, in the period before the COVID-19 pandemic, residential real estate prices moved in different directions in different countries, showing the dynamism and instability of the market. the research itself proved the connection and influence of independent variables on the movement of residential real estate prices, and the conclusion of the analysis indicates that the variables GDP growth, inflation, interest rates and unemployment rate are statistically significantly related to the residential real estate price index, and the fixed effects model (FE) proved to be the most suitable for parameter estimation, where it successfully explained most of the variability in the real estate price index.