Topic of this masters thesis is the analysis of windfall taxes introduced in European Union. Windfall tax, colloquially called an extra profit tax is still an under-researched topic. Through research and study of books, scientific and professional articles, laws and directives, the main information related to the historical introduction of additional taxes and levies on profit, as well as the main reasons for the introduction of windfall taxes are presented in a clear and transparent manner. The concept of taxation of economic rent which is often equated with additional profit is presented at the beginning. It continues with the historical examples of additional taxes that were successful in generating revenues. They were most often introduced in times of war. The idea of windfall tax appeared precisely with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused high inflation and an unstable macroeconomic environment, which continued with the Russian aggression against Ukraine. After the analysis of the macroeconomic environment, the measures, packages and financial aid programs at the level of the European Union and at the national level of Croatia were presented. The directive adopted at the level of the European Union was the basis for the introduction of windfall tax. Almost all member states have implemented solidarity contribution measures in their economies, while in a minority the introduction has been postponed. Revenues collected through windfall taxes are intended to be redistributed to ones who need it for existential needs. At the end, recommendations and possible consequences of the introduction of windfall tax were presented, and the conclusion of the research was drawn.