Today, taxes represent a key source of revenue for the state and local authorities. Modern society faces complex challenges in the field of taxation, especially regarding real estate taxation. This thematic complexity becomes more pronounced in the context of the European Union, where each member state has its own tax system adapted to its specific characteristics. This thesis focuses on the comparison of real estate taxes in the Republic of Croatia and the Federal Republic of Germany, analyzing their tax systems individually and comparatively. These countries were chosen for analysis due to their significant differences and diversity in economic and economic characteristics. Therefore, the thesis will explore the differences and similarities in the tax policies of these two countries and will also analyze the impact of real estate taxes on their economies. The thesis examines how the tax systems of the two countries are harmonized with European Union regulations and identifies differences in real estate taxation, even though both countries are EU members. Additionally, the thesis will define the importance and significance of the real estate tax for the state, investigating the benefits of introducing this tax and its possible disadvantages. The main aim of the paper is to systematically compare and investigate the key elements of property tax policies in both countries, examining similarities, differences, and potential challenges each of them faces. The central part of the thesis will be based on the study of real estate transfer taxes, property taxes, and other relevant taxes related to real estate in both countries. Tax rates, tax bases, administrative procedures, and various aspects shaping real estate taxation will be analyzed. For the theoretical segment of the thesis, professional and scientific literature, both domestic and foreign, as well as secondary data sources available in the field of property taxation will be used. These sources include books, scientific papers, databases, and online resources. Various research methods will be applied in data analysis, including analysis and synthesis methods, mathematical and statistical methods, comparison methods, descriptive methods, and compilation methods.