The purpose of this paper is to analyze in detail the development of railway infrastructure in the Republic of Croatia throughout its past, present, and future. The railway is one of the most important ways of transporting goods and passengers along with being of exceptional importance for the economy of every country and for global connectivity. In recent years, the European Union has been advocating the modernization and use of rail transport due to lower energy consumption and significant carbon reduction. Croatia is located in a very favorable European traffic position with Pan-European transport corridors passing through it. Those corridors are extremely important for connecting destinations within Europe itself. HŽ Infrastruktura d.o.o. currently manages the railway network and train lines through Croatia, in the length of 2.617 kilometers. The biggest drawback of the current railway network is that most of the lines need to be modernized and renovated in order to make train movement as fast and safe as possible. One of the major disadvantages of the obsolete railway infrastructure stems from the fact that for a time there was significantly less investment in railway transport compared to road transport, especially in the period from 2002 to 2009. The Republic of Croatia has serious plans to renew and modernize a large part of the railway infrastructure by 2030. According to the document "National Plan for Development of the Railway Infrastructure for the Period until 2030", it states that over 1.5 billion euros in funding will be provided from the State by 2030.