The aim of this graduate thesis is to show the increase in the level of threats of cyberattacks at all levels of the functioning of today's society - from entertainment content of social networks and computer games to serious threats to companies and even national security. Although the spectrum of attacks is wide and can also be carried out by less skilled individuals, protection awareness is still at a low level. The development of society is not accompanied by the development of technology, and what represents a powerful tool for the digitization of processes and the progress of society and its business, very quickly becomes a powerful weapon in the wrong hands. We contribute to greater security and maintaining the positive aspect of digitization in business and society by investing in education and preventive measures. This thesis deals with two cases of cyberattacks. The first case was last year's attack on the MOVEit file transfer platform, which affected millions of users and the financial damage is still counting. MOVEit is a platform that provides several types of secure data transmission services and is used by thousands of users from different business sectors to store and transmit confidential data. The platform faced a zero-day vulnerability exploited by the Cl0p group and stole many sensitive data for which is demanded ransom. The thesis deals with the issues of the cause of the attack, the possibility of preventive action to prevent the attack and the minimization of the resulting damage. The second case focuses on the vulnerability of individuals. There are many types of attacks directed at individuals with the aim of identity theft, stealing of financial resources, etc. Social engineering, phishing, smishing, tax frauds, charity frauds, online dating are just some of the threats to individuals. The thesis deals with the case of fraud commited to Instagram social network user Anita Sikma, to whom the fraudster introduced as a close friend who cannot access her account and thus led her to provide access to her account, which soon became incriminated. The case was chosen with the aim of increasing awareness of the risk to which all Internet users are exposed, without exception, especially social network users because most of them are not aware that seemingly harmless activities can cause serious consequences.