Developers of economic policies have been fighting for years with macroeconomic imbalances and have been trying to alleviate the economic crisis, which has affected almost all countries in Europe since 2009. Fiscal policy can thereby emerge as a major policy that has certain possibilities of stabilization of activity within the economic policy of a country. In recent years, fiscal systems are characterized by strong increase in budget deficits and accelerated growth of public debt. There is a need to introduce specific measures to address the problem of unsustainable fiscal policies that potentially undermines macroeconomic stability. If fiscal policy has clearly formulated structural policies it can affect the construction of the economy and its competitiveness in the best way. Therefore, the paper analyzes whether fiscal policy can stimulate economic activity and how can it draw the country out of crisis. Taking this into account, the work presents the state budget in two mutually comparable countries, Croatia and Slovenia in the period from 2005 to 2014, that share a common history, and have recently experienced similar macroeconomic problems. It also analyzes the changes undertaken by the makers of fiscal policy and their effectiveness in achieving their goals, presents challenges that fiscal policy of the observed countries face and their future directions of economic movement.