Individual's perceptions of their worth and adequacy within a study or workplace, whether real or not, become reality and can have very significant effects on organizational behaviour, emotional health and professional success. Impostor syndrome is one of the psychological phenomena that has been studied for over forty years, and represents an intrinsic sense of deception that is largely manifested in extremely successful individuals who are unable to internalize their own success. They attribute their achievements to luck and other circumstances, rather than intelligence, competence and ability. This paper examines existence of the syndrome among student population and young people in transition from the academic to the business world. The empirical part aims to answer the question about the presence of impostor syndrome among the observed student sample consisting of students from various public and private constituents of universities in the Republic of Croatia, as well as the effect of impostor syndrome on student's perceptions of their professional performance. Significant level of impostor symptoms of extremely strong intensity was discovered. Also, a negative correlation between the experience of impostor syndrome and the positive professional aspirations of students, as well as the perception of onself in professional context was suggested. Whole work is inspired by the scientific oeuvre of Pauline Rose Clance.