This thesis deals with the demographic and economic aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper first describes the spread of COVID-19 infection. Demographic indicators were then defined, described and used to quantify the morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19 disease. In more detailed way, the development of these indicators in Croatia and selected countries during 2020 was examined, with an elaboration by age and sex. Regression models using three dependent variables were estimated on a sample of 82 countries in the mortality analysis and on a sample of 68 countries in the morbidity analysis. The dependent variables are as follows: number of deaths from COVID-19 per 100 000 population and proportion of deaths from COVID-19 in the total number of infected (as indicators of mortality associated with COVID-19) and number of diseases from COVID-19 per 100 000 population (as an indicator morbidity). Demographic, health and socioeconomic independent variables were selected based on a review of the existing literature on COVID-19 mortality and morbidity factors. A significant relationship was found between 1) the number of deaths from COVID-19 per 100 000 population and the share of people over 65 years, the number of hospital beds per 1000 inhabitants 2) the proportion of deaths and the number of hospital beds per 1000 inhabitants, obesity in adults and 3) the number of diseases with COVID-19 per 100 000 inhabitants and the average household size, health expenditures per capita. The contribution of this paper lies in establishing link between key demographic indicators of the pandemic with other demographic, health and economic indicators, thus providing insight into the demographic characteristics and factors and possible implications of the COVID-19 pandemic at the national level and in a comparative perspective.