Integration BRICS consists of Brazil, Russia, India, China and the Republic of South Africa. It implies to countries that have recorded significant economic development during the last decades, which can certainly be observed from the perspective of energy demand and the emission of harmful gases resulting from the performance of economic activities. One of the harmful gases is carbon dioxide, which has been proven to have a very harmful effect on the environment and leads to climate change, which ultimately has a very pronounced negative impact on flora, fauna and people. It is possible to point out that the economic development of the BRICS countries led to an increased demand for energy, which at the same time increased the energy dependence of the BRICS countries (except for Russia, which is a major energy exporter), with a special emphasis on China and India. For this reason, the need for an energy transition is emphasized, which would contribute to the minimization of the negative impact of economic development on the environment, and would also contribute to the development of the energy independence of countries. It is necessary to make efforts aimed at a higher degree of frequency of use of renewable energy sources in the economy, which would directly contribute to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. If carbon dioxide emissions are analyzed by BRICS countries, it is possible to point out that lower levels of carbon dioxide emissions per inhabitant were recorded in Brazil and India. It is interesting to point out that the curves of carbon dioxide emissions directly follow the economic trends in the territory of a particular country, and thus it is visible when the more intensive economic development of a particular country began. Although the global financial crisis of 2009 and the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 had a negative impact on carbon dioxide emissions, the example of China shows that these two crises did not result in a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, which can be directly linked to the exceptional strong economic development of this country.